Eukaryotic microbes

Question 1

photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms
consists of cyctoplasm, a cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, plastids, ribosomes, mitochond, and golgi bodies
range in size (unicellular microorg. to large, multi-celllular)
arranged in colonies or strands contain

Answer 1

Algae

Question 2

most algal cell walls

Answer 2

cellulose

Question 3

phosynthetic pigments: algae are classsified as

Answer 3

green, golden, brown, or red algae

Question 4

algae are important sources of

Answer 4

food
iodine
fertilizers
emulsifiers
stabilizers
and gelling agents

Question 5

one genus of algae
is a very rare of human infections
causes PROTOTHECOSIS

Answer 5

Prototheca

Question 6

algae in several other genera secrete toxic substances called

Answer 6

Phycotoxins

Question 7

if ingested by humans, phycotoxins produced by the

Answer 7

dinoflagellates

Question 8

RED TIDES can lead to a disease called

Answer 8

paralytic shellfish poisoning

Question 9

paralytic shellfish poisoning SYMPTOMS appear:

Answer 9

30-60 minutes after ingesting toxic shellfish

Question 10

paralytic shellfish poisoning severe cases are associated with INGESTION OF LARGE DOSES OF TOXIN such as:

Answer 10

ataxia
dysphagia
mental status changes
flaccid paralysis
respiratory failure

Question 11

non-photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms
most unicellular and free living
found in soil and water
animal-like
cannot make their own food

Answer 11

Protozoa

Question 12

protozoa thickened cell wall membrane called

Answer 12

Pellicle

Question 13

some flagellates and ciliates ingest food through a PRIMITIVE MOUTH OR OPENING called

Answer 13

Cytostome

Question 14

2 stages of protozoan cycle and their description

Answer 14

Trophozoite- motile, feeding, dividing stage
Cyst- nonmotile, dormant, survival stage

Question 15

some protozoa are parasites, it cause many human diseases such as

Answer 15

malaria
giardiasis
trypanosomiasis

Question 16

protozoa are divided into groups, based on their method of LOCOMOTION:

Answer 16

Amebae- pseudopodia (FALSE FEET)
Ciliates- hair like cilia
Flagellates- whiplike flagella
Sporozoa- no visible locomotion

Question 17

Amebae example and cause of

Answer 17

Entamoeba histolytica, cause of amebic dysentery

Question 18

Ciliate example and cause of

Answer 18

Balantidium coli cause of balantidiasis

Question 19

Flagellates example and cause of

Answer 19

Giardia lamblia cause of giardiasis

Question 20

Sporozoa example and cause of

Answer 20

Plasmodium spp., cause of malaria

Question 21

study of fungi

Answer 21

mycology

Question 22

fungi represent a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that include

Answer 22

yeasts
moulds
fleshy fungi( e.g., mushrooms)

Question 23

fungi are the _____ of nature

Answer 23

garbage disposers

Question 24

fungi are not plants, they are

Answer 24

NOT PHOTOSYNTHETIC

Question 25

fungal cell walls contain a polysaccharide called

Answer 25

chitin

Question 26

some fungi are unicellular, others grow as filaments called

Answer 26

hyphae

Question 27

hyphae intertwine to form a mass called

Answer 27

mycelium

Question 28

some fungi have(septa)

Answer 28

septate hyphae

Question 29

some fungi have(do not have septa)

Answer 29

aseptate hyphae

Question 30

fungal cells can reproduce by

Answer 30

budding

Question 31

2 general categories of spores:

Answer 31

sexual spores asexual spores also called conidia

Question 32

Deutoromycotina or Deuteromycetes include the medically important moulds such as

Answer 32

Aspergillus and yeast such Candida Albicans

Question 33

fungi can live as either yeasts or moulds, depending on growth conditions, this phenomenon is knowns as

Answer 33

Dimorphism and fungi are called dimorphic fungi

Question 34

(fungi) grown in vivo at body temp.

Answer 34

37 degree celsius grow as yeasts, produce yeast colonies

Question 35

(fungi) grown in vitro at room temp.

Answer 35

25 degree celsius exist as moulds, produce mould colonies

Question 36

dimorphic fungi that cause human diseases include

Answer 36

Histoplasma Capsulatum Sporothrix Schenkii Coccidioides Immitis Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 37

eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that lack mycelia

Answer 37

Yeasts

Question 38

individual yeasts cell also referred to as

Answer 38

blastospores blastoconidia

Question 39

yeasts usually reproduce by ____ but occasionally by a type of ___ ___

Answer 39

budding spore formation

Question 40

a string of elongated buds is known as a

Answer 40

pseudohypha(not really a hypha)

Question 41

yeast used in baking

Answer 41

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 42

yeast most frequently isolated from human clinical specimens

Answer 42

Candida albicans

Question 43

often seen in water and soil growing on food

Answer 43

Moulds

Question 44

moulds produce cytoplasmic filaments called

Answer 44

hyphae

Question 45

extend above the surface whatever the mould is growing on

Answer 45

Aerial hyphae

Question 46

grow beneath the surface

Answer 46

Vegetative hyphae

Question 47

Moulds (antibiotic)

Answer 47

Penicillium and Cephalosporium

Question 48

grows above the ground forms and releases spores

Answer 48

fleshy fungi

Question 49

also called mycoses

Answer 49

fungal infections

Question 50

more likely to get a fungal infection if u have a

Answer 50

weakened immune system

Question 51

fungi can be difficult to

Answer 51

KILL

Question 52

fungal infec. of humans are categorized as

Answer 52

superficial cutaneous subcutaneous systemic mycoses

Question 53

fungal infec. of the outermost areas of the human body, hair,nails, and epidermis

Answer 53

Superficial mycoses

Question 54

fungal infec. of the living layer of the skin, dermis

Answer 54

Cutaneous mycoses

Question 55

groups of moulds collectively referred to as

Answer 55

dermatophytes(cause tinea, ringworm)

Question 56

the yeast, can also cause cutaneous, oral, and vaginal infections

Answer 56

Candida albicans

Question 57

fungal infec. of the dermis and underlying tissues

Answer 57

Subcutaneous mycoses

Question 58

fungal infec. of the internal organs of the body

Answer 58

Systemic mycoses

Question 59

cause by fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis found in soil in the eastern and central US

Answer 59

Blastomycosis

Question 60

resolves on its own in most people in immmune compromised can cause respiratory failure

Answer 60

Pulmonary Blastidiomycosis

Question 61

if desseminate from lungs , can result in wart-like or recessed skin lesions or damage to bones

Answer 61

Disseminated Blastidiomycosis

Question 62

Can cause disease Aspergillosis

Answer 62

Opportunistic fungal pathogen species: Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 63

are observed as colored, often circular patches on tree trunks and rocks

Answer 63

Lichens

Question 64

are found in soil and on rotting logs

Answer 64

Slime moulds