eukaryotes- method of reproduction Flashcards
yeast reproduction
can reproduce sexually or asexually
asexual> budding
sexual> spore formation - spores are retained inside the cytoplasm
budding
the yeast cell uses its bud scar
an asymmetric process - the two yeast cells produced are not identical in size
the parent yeast cell develops the bud until it is large enough to be a bulge, which then grows into the daughter cell
the nucleus migrates and splits, the bud then separates and the daughter cell formation is complete
multicellular fungi
can appear and live as multicellular fungi or as unicellular yeast > dimorphism
can reproduce sexually or asexually
asexual> produce asexual spores - sporangium
sexual> hyphae join and share DNA - zygospores
sporangium live on the reproductive hyphae
the vegetative hyphae obtains nutrients from the environment
the mature sporangium is an enclosure where all the spores are kept
multicellular fungi: asexual reproduction
when conditions are favourable, multicellular fungi produce spores and carry out asexual reproduction
the spores will grow into fungi that are identical to the parents via mitosis
multicellular fungi: sexual reproduction
during unfavourable conditions, most multicellular fungi can reproduce sexually by sharing DNA
the hyphae grow together
spores are produced
spores develop into fungi that are different than the parents
involves the fusion of two opposite mating type nuclei to produce a zygospore.
algae asexual reproduction
reproduce through the asexual reproduction process of binary fission
the daughter cells are contained within the cell wall of the mother cell. the daughter cell is released from the mother cell well and secretes cellulose to create its own cell wall
algae vegetative reproduction
some algae can reproduce by fragmentation, this is when fragments breakdown into sections
algae sexual reproduction
a small number of algae can reproduce sexually by meiosis
protozoa reproduction: sarcodina
reproduce asexually by binary fission
e.g. amoeba > irregular binary fission
protozoa reproduction: mastigophora
reproduce asexually by longitudinal binary fission
e.g. euglena > longitudinal binary fission
protozoa reproduction: ciliophora
reproduce asexually by transverse binary fission
e.g. paramecium > transverse binary fission
can reproduce sexually by conjugation
protozoa reproduction: microspora
reproduce in a more complex manner with sexual and asexual stages
e.g. plasmodium > causes malaria
no locomotory organelles
