Ethylene-glycol & drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Metabo of ethylene-glycol

A

Ethylene-glycol -> glycoaldehyde -> glycolic -> glycoxylic -> oxalic acid -> Ca oxalate

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2
Q

Which spe is the most sensitive to ethylene-glycol ?

A

Cats

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3
Q

Which are the phases of ethylene-glycol poisoning ?

A

Phase 1 = nervous systM
Phase 2 = Acidi & <3vasc
Phase 3 = Renal insuff
Phase 4 = Ca oxalate in brain vessels

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4
Q

Spe antidote for ethylene-glycol poisoning ? If yes, which one ?

A

No - 20% ethanol (hepatotoxic, respi depression & asphyxia) OR Fomepizole

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5
Q

Which is the other name of Paracetamol ?

A

Acetaminophen

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6
Q

Which is the most susceptible spe to paracetamol ?

A

Cats

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7
Q

Main CS of paracetamol poisoning :

A

Vomiting, lethargy, metHbemia, hematuria, respi edema, hepatotoxicity

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8
Q

Spe antidote for paracetamol poisoning ? If yes, which one ?

A

Sulphydryl donor = acetylcystein, methionine, Na-sulphate, vit C, methylene Bl, cimetidine, ranitidine

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9
Q

Which spe is more sensitive to NSAID’s poisoning ?

A

Cats

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10
Q

NSAID’s metabo :

A

Glucoronic acid / glycine

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11
Q

Main NSAID’s effect :

A

COX inhibitors
-> stomach ulcers & perfo, bloody vomit, melena & kidney damage

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12
Q

Spe antidote for NSAID’s poisoning ? If yes, which one ?

A

No, antacids, acid secretion inhibitors (H2 antago, proton pump inhibitors & PGE analogues) + coating ag (sucralfate ) & alkalizing urine (NaHCO3)

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13
Q

10kg D can die w/ __________ milk chocolate or ________ dark choclate

A

300g / 50g

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14
Q

Which are the toxic subst in xanthine poisoning ?

A

Caffeine & teobromine

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15
Q

Main CS of xanthine poisoning :

A

CNS & kidneys damage

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16
Q

Spe antidote for xanthine poisoning ? If yes, which one ?

A

No, GI detox, anticonvulsive, urine acidification (vit C) & arrythmias ttt (lidocaine, propanolol)

17
Q

Which medicine can be use to acidify urine ?

A

Vit C