Ethnography & Cognitive Ethnography 5.2 Flashcards
Participant Observation Research
Like naturalistic observation but the researcher actively participates in the activities.
Disguised ppt observation
Reduces or eliminates the observer effect.
Ethical Concers
May be impossible to administer tests interviews etc.
Undisguised ppt observation
Reactivity concerns
Easier to administer tests etc.
Might be to only option.
Informants
Serve as teachers and guides to the culture, provide you with data, multiple informants provide multiple perspectives. Key informants are more skilled guides and teachers.
Prolonged ppt observation
Makes it possible to collect different types of data
Reduces reactivity
Provides better understanding and increases credibility.
Things to pay attention to when observing
- Regular and extraordinary behavior
- Repetition
- Variation
Ethnography
Systematic study of a culture from the point of view of the subjects of the study. Involves multiple methods of data collection and analysis and spending a significant amount of time in the field.
Cognitive ethnography
Ethnography emphasizes cognitive processes, describes how knowledge is constructed, typically deep dive into a small group of people.
Epistemological stance
Research firmly situated in the socio-cultural frame of reference.
Prototypical features of ethnographic research: Situatedness
ppt observer in a natural setting
Richness
Multiple methods, rich details and thick descriptions
Participant autonomy
no requirements for ppt to participate
Openness
to discover things along the way (need to analyze along the way)
Personalization
Researcher takes notes of own feelings and reactions
Reflexivity
emphatic understanding of POV, document reactivity
