ETHICS IN RESEARCH & TEST DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

This is the correct rules of conduct necessary when carrying out a research.

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

Ethics in Research

Answer 2

• informed consent
• integrity
• confidentiality
• protection: do good, do no harm
• debrief
• withdrawal from investigation

Question 3

This is an ethic in research that is to be done to let the participants know what they are agreeing to. It is a documentation of them saying yes.

Answer 3

informed consent

Question 4

This is an ethic in research wherein investigators commit to accuracy, intellectual honesty, and truthfulness in the conduct and reporting of studies.

Answer 4

integrity

Question 5

This is an ethic in research that is marked by protective handling of information revealed in a relationship of trust and with the expectation that it will not be divulged to anyone without permission.

Answer 5

confidentiality

Question 6

This is an ethic in research that states researchers must not cause distress to the participants. If ever there are any need to cause distress, risk of harm must not be greater than in ordinary life.

Answer 6

-protection: do good, do no harm

Question 7

This is an ethic in research wherein investigators inform participants on the general idea of what we are studying and why.

Answer 7

debrief

Question 8

True or False. Debriefing may be conducted weeks after the research is done.

Answer 8

False. Debriefing must occur as soon as the research is done.

Question 9

This is an ethic in research wherein participants are allowed to withdraw from the research whenever they wish.

Answer 9

withdrawal from investigation

Question 10

Contents of the informed consent

Answer 10

• statement that it is voluntary
• purpose of the research
• all foreseeable risk and discomfort (physical/psychological)
• procedure
• benefits to society or participants
• length of time
• person to contact for queries
• subject’s right to confidentiality or withdrawal

Question 11

Stages in Test Development

Answer 11

Test Conceptualization
Test Construction
Test Tryout
Item Analysis
Test Revision

Question 12

This phase in developing a test is where we consider factors like:
Who will take the test?
What is the test designed to measure?
How will it be conducted?
Ideal format 

etc…

Answer 12

Test Conceptualization

Question 13

In this stage of test development, the researchers will make their own test questionnaire according to what they have conceptualized. Also it takes into account what scaling method is to be utilized.

Answer 13

Test Construction

Question 14

This stage of test development is when researchers conduct a pilot study or practice administration of the test.

Answer 14

Test Tryout

Question 15

2 Scaling Method

Answer 15

Rating scale

Likert scale

Question 16

This scale is a grouping of statements on which judgement of the strength of a particular trait are indicated by the test taker.

Answer 16

Rating scale

Question 17

It is a scaling method that uses an agree to disagree or approve to disapprove continuum.

Answer 17

Likert scale

Question 18

Refers to a prototype of test administration.

Answer 18

pilot study

Question 19

True or False. Pilot study must be taken by people who are not the actual targeted participants of the study.

Answer 19

False. Pilot study examinees must be taken from the same population the researchers are studying.

Question 20

What is the ideal number of participants that should participate in a test tryout.

Answer 20

30 (if not, then 5-10 will do)

Question 21

True or False. A good test must have clear instruction for administration, scoring, and interpretation.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or False. A good test must be reliable and valid.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

It is the consistency of the measure of a concept.

Answer 23

Reliability

Question 24

It is the judgement whether the test measures what it intends to measure.

Answer 24

Validity

Question 25

3 Ways to Assess Reliability

Answer 25

Stability
Inter-rater reliability
Internal reliability

Question 26

Also called test-retest reliability. It is when the test achieve the same results over time.

Answer 26

Stability

Question 27

This reliability assessment answers the question, “Do the researchers agree on which observed phenomena fit the measure?”

Answer 27

Inter-rater reliability

Question 28

It is the state wherein a measure is consistent within itself. It answers the question, “Do the indicators of a measure yield consistent results?”

Answer 28

Internal reliability

Question 29

It is the mean of all possible split-half correlations. It is the estimate of internal consistency reliability. Used for tests with nondichotomous items.

Answer 29

Cronbach or Coefficient Alpha

Question 30

What formula corrected the Cronbach or Coefficient Alpha

Answer 30

Spearman-Brown formula

Question 31

2 assessment of validity

Answer 31

content validity

criterion validity

Question 32

This assesses whether the content is appropriate.

Answer 32

content validity

Question 33

This assesses validity through its relationship to other measures.

Answer 33

criterion validity

Question 34

Validity assessment that answers the question:

Does the test appear to test what it aims to test?

Answer 34

face validity

Question 35

Validity assessment that answers the question:

Does the test relate to underlying theoretical concepts?

Answer 35

construct validity

Question 36

Validity assessment that answers the question:

Does the test relate to a existing similar measure?

Answer 36

concurrent validity

Question 37

Validity assessment that answers the question:

Does the test predict later performance on a related criterion?

Answer 37

predictive validity

Question 38

The final step of test development wherein researchers will decide on what items to retain, improve, or omit. This molds the test into its final form.

Answer 38

Test Revision