Ethics

Question 1

What are the four ethical issues

Answer 1

Deception
Informed consent
Privacy and confidentiality
Protection from harm

Question 2

What ethical dilemma arises in psychological research?

Answer 2

Conflict between participants’ rights and researchers’ needs for findings

This conflict impacts the safety and well-being of participants.

Question 3

What is informed consent in psychological research?

Answer 3

Participants must be aware of the aims, procedures, their rights, and data usage

Participants should make an informed judgement without coercion.

Question 4

Why might informed consent make a study less ‘natural’?

Answer 4

Participants know the aims of the study, affecting their behavior

This knowledge could lead to altered responses.

Question 5

What does deception mean in the context of psychological studies?

Answer 5

Deliberately misleading or withholding information from participants

Deception can compromise informed consent.

Question 6

When can deception be justified in research?

Answer 6

If it does not cause undue distress to participants

Example: Not disclosing the presence of another group to avoid bias.

Question 7

What is the principle of protection from harm?

Answer 7

Participants should not face more risk than in daily life

This includes protection from physical and psychological harm.

Question 8

What should participants be reminded of regarding their participation?

Answer 8

They have the right to withdraw at any point

This is a critical aspect of protecting participants.

Question 9

What is the right to privacy in psychological research?

Answer 9

Participants control information about themselves

This includes the right to confidentiality.

Question 10

What does confidentiality refer to in psychological research?

Answer 10

The right to have personal data protected

This right is supported by the Data Protection Act.

Question 11

What ethical issue arises from misleading participants?

Answer 11

Informed consent is compromised

Participants cannot truly consent if misled.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Participants in psychological studies should be protected from _______.

Answer 12

physical and psychological harm

Question 13

True or False: Participants can be coerced into taking part in psychological research.

Answer 13

False

Participants must make a voluntary decision.