Ethics Flashcards
Apa ethics and code can best be summarized by:
1. Welfare and protection of consumers
2. Welfare and protection of individuals and groups they work with and education of members, public re: ethical stds
3 beneficence
4. Establish highest stds
- 2 goals…welfare of users and educate its members and public
Not the job to necessarily punish
Do educate
And make standards that can hold ppl to so that protects public
Which part of the ethics code is aspirational and nonenforceable? A. 10 standards B. preamble C. General principles D. Preamble and general principles
D. So they do not serve as a basis for disciplinary action
Vs ethical stds which are enforceable and mandatory
What are the 5 principles in the ethics code?
Beneficence and nonmaleficence..
Do no harm; aware own health;don’t misuse influence
Fidelity and responsibility
Trust; cooperate, compliance w ethics; pro bono
Integrity..accuracy, honesty, manage deception (correct mistrust)
Justice
Access for all
Respect for ppls rights and dignity
To privacy, confidentiality
Respect differences/rid bias
What is the purpose of the ethics code?
Primarily to protect the welfare of the client.
Are there any exceptions to the ethics codes applicability to psychologists private life?
Yes..if there has been conviction of a felony, expulsion or suspension from an affiliated association, suspension or loss of license.
So act with serious consequences leading to felony conviction (rape)..impacts tx fitness
Highly publicized conduct ESP when being a psychologist is highlighted…impacts public trust
Ethics committee may act sua sponte, on its own without receiving a complaint.
Not looked at…failure to pay alimony, traffic tickets..
When reporting ethical violations, what actions are appropriate if an informal resolution does not work?
May include referral to state or national committees on ethics, state licensing boards, or appropriate institutional authorities.
Also, if an informal resolution doesn’t seem appropriate because it involves substantial harm, is not appropriate for informal resolution, or not been resolved informally. Can’t do any of this if it violated client confidentiality.
Doesn’t apply when it would violate confidentiality or if retained to review the work of another psychologist whose conduct is in question.
Once there is a complaint, must cooperate or u r in violation. Making a deferment of adjudication of ethics complaint pending litigation does not alone constitute noncooperation.
When psychologists act as supervisors they can sometimes be legally responsible for their supervises actions. This is called:
Vicarious liability or respondeat superior. They can control actions of supervises and substantial disparity between knowledge, training etc..
When a psychologist has personal problems that interferes with work they need to decide to limit, suspend, or terminate work. What is a useful guideline?
When a psychologist suspects a personal problem mite interfere, consult.
When a psychologist knows that a personal problem impairs his effectiveness, refer.
How is the standard on sexual harassment explained?
Solicitation, advances, verbal or nonverbal conduct that is sexual in nature that occurs in connection w role and is either:
Unwelcome, offensive, creates hostile environment and knows or has been told
Sufficiently severe or intense to be abusive to a reasonable person.
Can be one intense act or multiple, persistent acts
Define multiple relationships.
In a professional role and another role with same person.
Or relationship w person closely related
Or someone promises to enter into another relationship in the future/or w someone closely related
If find in one unforeseen take reasonable steps to resolve
When required by law, institutional policy, extraordinary circumstances to serve in more than one capacity, must clarify expectations, extent of confidentiality, and thereafter as changes occur.
Attending your clients wedding constitutes a multiple relationship.
False…wedding, graduation, occasional encounters at school, church, gym…ok since they are not likely to cause impairment or risk exploitation or harm.
Can u recommend products or services when u have an undisclosed financial interest in the sale of those products or services?
In forensic settings can u accept contingent fees?
Testify as an expert for a tx client?
Is written consent required?
No
No
No
No…must document written oral consent, permission or assent. Written not required but may need it for state laws…
What are the three conditions when confidentiality is not necessarily kept?
Ct waived right
Identifying info is removed or disguised
Breach is required or permitted by law.
Re: insurance company..ensure only authorized ppl have access. Can send a cover letter that states the attached info is confidential and specifies who is authorized to review it.
Re: EAPs. Avoid dilemmas by giving only if appt was kept, if does/not need tx and how long away; I ct accepted or rejected tx.
Discuss the tarasoff decision.
Established the duty to warn.
Then duty to protect by warning the intended victim, notifying the police, or taking other steps
Usually have the duty when a ct poses a clear and imminent danger to an identifiable victim or victims.
No duty..killed in past, know someone who wants to kill, says mad enough to but no intent. Would monitor and make other recs.
HIV…current position..legal duty to protect 3 rd parties should not be imposed.
If legislation..should allow disclosure only if aware if identifiable 3rd party who is at risk, this 3rd party has no reason to suspect or unreliable and providers who act in good faith should be immune from liability.
What is the time limitation on reporting child abuse?
Doesn’t matter how much time has passed since the abuse occurred. As long as the victim is still a minor, a report had to be filed. If an adults tells, report doesn’t have to be filed unless still think still victimizing. Ie it is a teacher.
During first session w family notice bruises on kid. They saw doc but didn’t mention. Kid is quiet. U:
A. Tell parents to have doc call u
B. refer back to doc for eval
C. Get informed consent and file child abuse report
D. File hike abuse report
D
Want to consult with an expert. U:
A. Get permission from parents before talking to consultant
B. get permission from parents only if u believe u can disguise identity
C. Do not need to Get permission as long as u talk about only relevant info.
D. No permission needed as long as consultant is licensed.
B
When is barter allowed?
When not clinically contraindicated
Resulting arrangement is not exploitive.
How long required to keep records?
7 years for IRS
7 years following last day of service.
3 years past majority for minor or what ever occurs later…
Fraud includes which?
Billing insurance co for missed appt
Waiving co pay wo agreement
Give inaccurate info (bill wrong tx, sign for supervisee)
All
When can psychologists dispense with consent for research?
A.! Where research would not reasonably create distress
B. involved normal study of educational practices, curricula, or class mgmt done in educational places
C. Anonymous questionnaires, naturalistic observations, archival research where disclosure does not place ppl at risk
D. Job effectiveness studies in organizational settings where no risk of employability and confidentiality is in check.
E. where law or organizations allow
All. Situations where research is unlikely to result in harm or personal identification.
Consent for recording ppl except when In naturalistic observations unlikely to be identified or harmed.
Deception is involved and consent is obtained at debriefing.