Ethanol

Question 1

What hydrocarbon can be used to make ethanol?

Answer 1

Ethene

Question 2

Define ‘hydration’

Answer 2

1. Ethene is hydrated with steam

2. In the presence of an acid catalyst

Question 3

What is the process of using ethene to make ethanol called?

Answer 3

Hydration

Question 4

What are the 2 processes to make ethanol?

Answer 4

1. Hydration

2. Fermentation

Question 5

What is the advantage of hydration?

Answer 5

It is a CHEAP process- ethene’s fairly cheap and NOT much is WASTED

Question 6

What is the disadvantage/ future problems involving hydration?

Answer 6

Ethene’s produced from crude oil- which is NON-RENEWABLE

Therefore hydration will become very EXPENSIVE

Question 7

What is the RAW MATERIAL for fermentation?

Answer 7

Sugar

Question 8

What is the CATALYST for fermentation?

Answer 8

Yeast

Question 9

What is the word equation for fermentation using sugar?

Answer 9

sugar -> carbon dioxide + ethanol

Question 10

What are 5 advantages of fermentation over hydration?

Answer 10

1. Lower temp. - less energy - cheaper
2. Simpler equipment - easier
3. Renewable
4. Grown as a major crop in many parts of the world
5. Sugar cain is carbon neutral

Question 11

What are disadvantages of fermentation?

Answer 11

1. Large areas of land needed - leads to destruction of habitats
2. Land could be used for food - could lead to food shortages / higher food prices - problem with increasing world pop.
3. Has to be purified - expensive

Question 12

How could fermentation have economic benefits to countries?

Answer 12

The ethanol could be used as quite a cheap fuel in countries which don’t have oil reserves for making petrol