Essays Flashcards
The importance of responses to changes in the internal and external environment of an organism
Immune response
Haemoglobin and Bohr effect
IAA and tropisms
Transpiration
Selection pressures
Control of heart rate
Control of blood glucose
Control of water balance/ ADH
Importance of membranes in the functioning of cells
Cell recognition and immune system
Digestion and absorption
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Nerve impulses
Synapses
Control of blood glucose
Control of blood water potential
Regulation of transcription and translation
as exchange
Muscles
Receptors
Cytokinesis in cell division
The importance of interactions between organisms and the environment
Immune system
Mass transport in animals/haemoglobin/bohr effect
Mass transport in plants/transpiration
Photosynthesis
Nutrient cycles
Control of heart rate
Nerve impulses
Synapses (effect of drugs)
Control of blood glucose
Control of blood water potential
Evolution leading to speciation
Mutations changing the structure of proteins
Regulation of transcription and translation
Courtship
Gas exchange
The uses and importance of ATP in organisms
Digestion and absorption − co-transport
Mass transport in plants/translocation
DNA replication
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Nutrient cycles − nitrogen fixation
Nerve impulses − resting potential
Synaptic transmission
Myofibril/muscle contraction
Control of blood glucose concentration (2nd messenger model)
Control of blood water potential
DNA and protein synthesis
Mitosis and/or meiosis
The importance of cycles in Biology
DNA replication
Mitosis
Gas exchange – mechanism of breathing
Cardiac cycle and blood circulation and Control of heart rate
Meiosis
Photosynthesis – light independent reaction
Respiration – Krebs cycle and electron transport chain
Nutrient cycles
Nerve impulses
Synaptic transmission
Muscle contraction
Control of blood glucose concentration
Control of blood water potential
Populations in ecosystems – predation
Recombinant DNA technology – PCR
ATP
The importance of complementary shapes of molecules in organisms
DNA replication
Cell recognition and the immune system
Digestion and absorption/cotransport
DNA and protein synthesis
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Receptors
Nerve impulses
Synaptic transmission
Skeletal muscles are stimulated to contract by nerves and act as effectors
Control of blood glucose concentration
Control of blood water potential
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
Regulation of transcription and translation
Gene expression and cancer
Genetic diversity can arise as a result of mutation or during meiosis
The importance of ions in metabolic processes
Digestion and absorption/cotransport
Mass transport in animals/Fe in haemoglobin
DNA and protein synthesis
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Nutrient cycles
Pacinian corpuscle
Nerve impulses
Synaptic transmission
Skeletal muscles are stimulated to contract by nerves and act as effectors
Control of blood water potential
Genetic fingerprinting
Many proteins are enzymes (H and denaturation)
DNA replication
ATP
Mass transport in plants
The function of enzymes and their importance in organisms
DNA replication
Cell recognition and the immune system (lysozyme)
Digestion and absorption
DNA and protein synthesis
Genetic diversity and adaptation (penicillinase in bacteria)
Photosynthesis/Rubisco and ATP synthase
Respiration
Nutrient cycles
Synaptic transmission
Muscles
Control of blood glucose
Recombinant DNA technology
DNA fingerprinting
The causes and importance of variation and diversity in organisms
Effect of antigen variability on disease and disease prevention
Genetic diversity from mutation
Genetic diversity from meiosis
Genetic diversity and adaptation
Courtship behaviour
Biodiversity within a community
Energy and ecosystems – farming practices
Slow and fast twitch muscles
Inheritance
Evolution leading to speciation
Alteration of base sequences
Regulation of transcription and translation
Gene expression and cancer
Recombinant DNA technology
Identification of heritable conditions
Genetic fingerprintin
The importance of DNA as an information carrying molecule and its use in gene technologies
DNA replication
DNA and protein synthesis
Genetic diversity and meiosis
Genetic diversity and adaptation
Inheritance
Evolution may lead to speciation
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
Regulation of transcription and translation
Gene expression and cancer
Using genome projects
Recombinant DNA technology
Differences in DNA between individuals of the same species can be exploited for identification and diagnosis of heritable conditions
Genetic fingerprinting
DNA in mitochondria (and chloroplasts)
Prokaryotic DNA
The importance of bonds and bonding in organisms
Many proteins are enzymes
DNA replication
ATP
Water – cohesion
Cell recognition and the immune system
Digestion and absorption
Mass transport in animals – haemoglobin
Mass transport in plants
DNA and protein synthesis
Mutation and meiosis
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Nutrient cycles
Synaptic transmission
Skeletal muscles
Control of blood glucose concentration
Control of blood water potential
Mutations
Regulation of transcription and translation
Gene expression and cancer
Recombinant DNA technology
The importance of the control of movement in cells and organisms.
Enzymes and control of action
DNA replication
Mitosis, binary fission
Cell recognition and the immune system
Gas exchange
Digestion and absorption
Mass transport in animals
Mass transport in plants
DNA and protein synthesis
Meiosis
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Survival and response
Receptors
Control of heart rate
Nervous impulses
Synaptic transmission
Muscle contraction
Control of blood glucose
Control of blood water potential
Regulation of transcription and translation
Gene expression and cancer
The importance of interactions between cells and between organisms
Cell recognition, immune system, HIV
Gas exchange
Mass transport in animals
Mass transport in plants
Genetic diversity and adaptation
Species and taxonomy (courtship behaviour)
Biodiversity within a community
Energy and ecosystems
Nutrient cycles
Survival and response
Receptors
Synaptic transmission
Skeletal muscles are stimulated …
Control of blood glucose
Control of blood water potential
Populations in ecosystems
Evolution and speciation
Populations in ecosystems
Gene expression and cancer
