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1. A level master > A5 Heart > Flashcards

A5 Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 chambers of the heart

A

Left and right atrium
Left and right ventricle

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2
Q

Describe the direction of blood flow from the right atrium
to the pulmonary artery

A

Right atrium –> atrioventricular valve –> right ventricle –>

semi lunar valve –> pulmonary artery

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3
Q

Name the 2 veins that bring blood into the atria

A

Vena Cava

Pulmonary vein

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4
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled B and state its function

A

Aorta

Carries blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body

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5
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled A

A

Coronary artery

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6
Q

Name the chambers labelled A, B, C ad D

A

A = Right atrium

B = Right ventricle

C = Left atrium

D = Left ventricle

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7
Q

Name the 2 arteries that carry blood away from the ventricles

A

Aorta

Pulmonary artery

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8
Q

Name the valves found in the heart

A

Atrioventricular valves

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9
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled A and state its function

A

Pulmonary artery

Transports blood from right ventricle to the lungs for gas exchange

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10
Q

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves?

A

Prevent the back flow of blood into the atria when the ventricle walls contract.

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11
Q

Explain why the atria walls are thinner than the ventricle walls.

A

Blood does not need to be pushed under high pressure so walls do not need to contain large amounts of muscular tissue

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12
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled C

A

Vena cava

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13
Q

What is the function of the blood vessels labelled A

A

Deliver oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle cells

Required for aerobic respiration

Releases ATP

ATP provides energy fpr heart muscle contraction

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14
Q

Describe what happens during atrial systole

A

Atria contract.
Blood pressure in the atria increases
Atrioventricular valves open
Blood is pushed into the ventricles.

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15
Q

Name the structure labelled X and state its function

A

Atrioventricular valve

Prevent blood flow from left ventricle to left atrium

when the ventricle wall contracts

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16
Q

Describe what happens during ventricular systole

A

Ventricles contract.
Blood pressure in the ventricles increases
Atrioventricular valves close
Semi lunar valves open
Blood flows into the arteries.

17
Q

The heart tissue is myogenic. What does this mean?

A

The contraction of the heart is initiated from within the muscle rather than by nerve impulses.

18
Q

Explain how the contraction of the heart is controlled.

A

SAN generates a wave of electrical excitement that cross the atria, causing the muscle to contract
AVN receives, delays and then passes an electrical impulse down the bundle of His to the apex of the heart.
Impulse travels into the Purkinje fibres which branch across the ventricles causing them to contract from the apex upwards

19
Q

Why does the AVN delay the impulse along the bundle of His?

A

Allow time for the blood to pass through the
atrioventricular valve and into the ventricles

20
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled X

A

Pulmonary vein

21
Q

Name the blood vessel that delivers blood to the kidney

A

Renal artery

22
Q

Name the blood vessels that transport blood to and from the lungs

A

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

23
Q

The graph shows the pressure changes in the heart.

Describe what happens at point A

A

Atrioventricular valve closes

Pressure in the ventricle is higher than in the atrium

24
Q

The graph shows the pressure changes in the heart.

Describe what happens at point B

A

Semi lunar valve opens

Pressure in the ventricle is higher than in the aorta

25
Q

The graph shows the pressure changes in the heart.

Describe what happens at point C

A

Semi lunar valve closes

Pressure in the aorta higher than in the ventricle

26
Q

The graph shows the pressure changes in the heart.

Describe what happens at point D

A

Atrioventricular valve opens

Pressure in the atrium is higher than in the ventricle

1. A level master (39 decks)

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