ERG RS3 Flashcards

1
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

left gastric artery

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2
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

celiac trunk

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3
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

common hepatic artery

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4
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

gastroduodenal artery

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5
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

hepatic proper artery

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6
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

left hepatic artery

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7
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

right heptatic artery

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8
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

right gastroomental artery

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9
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

left gastroomental artery

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10
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

short gastric artery

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11
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

splenic artery

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12
Q

what are esophageal varicies

A

enlarged veins of the esophagus often due to obstructed portal vein

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13
Q

what structures are supplied by the superior mesentaric artery

A

mid-duodenum- splenic flexure of colon including jejunum, ileum, and about 2/3 of the colon

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14
Q

what would be the result of an embolism lodging in the superior mesenteric artery

A

ischemic stroke of the bowel which could be fatal

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15
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

superior mesenterc artery

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16
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

middle colic artery

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17
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

right colic artery

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18
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

ileocolic artery

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19
Q

where does the ileocolic artery lead

A

ileocecal junction

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20
Q

where is the veriform appendinx often found

A

posterior of cecum

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21
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

left colic artery

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22
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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23
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

superior rectal artery

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24
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

sigmoid arteries

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25
Q

what is the function of The Mesentary

A

connects the entire intestinal tract to the posterior body wall and ateries exit the aorta and course through it

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26
Q

where does the inferior mesenteris artery supply

A

from the splenic flexure to the sigmoid colon and rectum

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27
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

left colic artery

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28
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

sigmoid arteries

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29
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

superior rectal artery

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30
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

ileocolic artery

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31
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

right colic artery

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32
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

superior mesenteric artery

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33
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

middle colic artery

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34
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

inferior mesentaric artery

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35
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

aorta

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36
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

aortic constriction

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37
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

esophagus

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38
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

esophagus entering esophageal hiatus

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39
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

air bubble in fundus of stomach

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40
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

body of stomach

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41
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

angular notch

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42
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

pyloric canal

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43
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

duodenal cap/superior duodenum

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44
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

descending duodenum

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45
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

horizontal duodenum/inferior duodenum

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46
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

ascending duodenum

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47
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

splenic flexture

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48
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

transverse colon

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49
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A
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50
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

haustra

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51
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

hepatic flexure

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52
Q
A
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53
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

ascending colon

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54
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

cecum

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55
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

ileum

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56
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

bladder

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57
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

sigmoid colon

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58
Q

name what is indicated by the red arrow

A

descending colon

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59
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

perietal peritoneum

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60
Q

name the red labeled structure

A

greater omentum

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61
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

small intestine

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62
Q

name the blue labeled structure

A

stomach

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63
Q

name the two structures in the area labeled in purple

A

liver and gallbladder

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64
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

cecum

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65
Q

name the brown labeled structure

A

median, medial, lateral umbilical folds

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66
Q

name the black labeled structure

A

spermatic cord

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67
Q

how can the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity be accessed

A

through the epiploic or omental foramen of winslow

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68
Q

what are messentaries

A

double layers of peritoneum which act as conduits for blood vessles

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69
Q

describe the greater omentum

A

extends from greater curvature of stomach made of fat and smooth muscle

it is able to move and walls of infections through adhesions

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70
Q

name two ligaments within the lesser omentum

A

hepatoduodenal ligament and hepatogastric ligament

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71
Q

name the blue structure

A

stomach

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72
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

fat covering the duodenum

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73
Q

name the purple labeled structure

A

gall bladder

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74
Q

name the red labeled structure

A

liver

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75
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

liver

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76
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

greater omentum

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77
Q

name the red structure

A

epiploic foramen of winslow

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78
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

lesser omentum

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79
Q

what is the greater sac of the peritoneum

A

everything except the lesser sac which is covered by the lesser omentum

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80
Q

what is the connection point between the greater and lesser sacs

A

epiploic foramen of winslow

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81
Q

what part of the stomach is labeled in green

A

pylorous of the stomach

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82
Q

name the area marked with the astrisk

A

1st part/cap of duodenum

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83
Q

what portion of the stomach is usually seen filled with are on an xray

A

fundus

84
Q

what region of the stomach is the cardia

A

the portion that receives the esophagus

85
Q

how do the duodenal cap and the second part of the duodenum differ in paritoneal covering

A

the second part of the duodenum is retroperitoneal while the cap is intraperitoneal

86
Q
A
87
Q

what is the strucure pointed to from the pink label

A

free margin of thhe lesser omentum

88
Q

what is the structure pointed with the green label

A

epiploic foramen

89
Q

what is the structure labeled in purple

A

gll bladder

90
Q

what is the structure labeled in blue

A

liver

91
Q

what would happen if a bleed occurred in the lesser sac

A

the blood may pass through the epiploic foramen and into the greater sac of the abdomen

92
Q

name the three branches off the celiac trunk

A

common hepatic artery

left gastric artery

splenic artery

93
Q

name 2 branches off of the common hepatic artery

A

proper hepatic and gastroduodenal artery

94
Q

what artery forms an anastamoses with the left gastric artery

A

right gastric artery (branch of proper hepatic artery)

95
Q

list the contents of the portal triad

A

hepatic artery proper

commone bile duct

portal vein

96
Q

what artery supplies blood to the lobes of the liver

A

left and right hepatic arteries

97
Q

what contributes to the common bile duct

A

cystic duct and common hepatic duct (made up of left and right hepatic ducts from liver)

98
Q

what contributes to hepatopancreatic duct

A

common bile duct and pancreatic duct

99
Q

what part of the duodenum does the ampulla of vator empty into the major papillae

A

2nd part of the duodenum

100
Q

name each of the parts of the portal triad

A

blue: hepatic artery proper
green: portal vein
yellow: common bile duct

101
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

stomach

102
Q
A
103
Q

name the orange labeled structure

A

duodenum cap

104
Q

name the pink labeed structure

A

pancreas

105
Q

name the blue labeled structure

A

splenic artery

106
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

left gastric artery

107
Q

name the purple labeled structure

A

celiac trunk

108
Q

name the red labeled structure

A

gastroduodenal artery

109
Q

name the brown labeled structure

A

hepatic artery (astriks are the left and right branches)

110
Q

what are hostra

A

outpouchings only seen in the large intestine

111
Q

what are omental appenedices

A

fat globlets hanging off of large intestine only

112
Q

what is taenia coli

A

smooth muscle running longitudinal on large intestine only

has 3 layers

113
Q

what is the ampulla of vater

A

the dilated end of the hepatopancreatic duct before it opens into the duodenum

114
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

major duodenal papilla

115
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

spleen

116
Q

name the structure labeled blue

A

pancreas

117
Q

name the blue structure

A

small intestine

118
Q

name the red structures

A

epiploic appendages

119
Q

name the green structure

A

ileocolic artery

120
Q

name the purple structure

A

terminal ileum

121
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

ileocecal junction (under fat)

122
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

cecum

123
Q

finding the ileocolic artery is usely to locate what structure? where should one look for the ileocolic artery

A

superior mesenteric artery

can locate ileocolic artery by finding the ileocecal junction

124
Q

what is the ileocecal valve

A

a structure located withint he ileocecal junction where contents pass into large intestine

125
Q

with what does the inferior pancreaticduodenal artery anastomose with

A

pancreatic branches

126
Q

what do the intestinal branches of superior mesenteric arteries supply

A

jejunum and ileum

127
Q

what does the ileocolic artery supply

A

(it is a branch of SMA)

supplies the cecum and part of the ileum

128
Q

what does the right colic artery supply

A

ascending colon

129
Q

name the orange labeled structure

A

ileocolic artery

130
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

ileocolic artery

131
Q

name the purple labeled structure

A

right colic artery

132
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

middle colic artery

133
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

superior mesenteric artery

134
Q

name the red labeled structure

A

ileal and jejunal branches

135
Q

name the yellow labeled structure

A

testicular vein

136
Q

name the white labeled structure

A

testicular artery

137
Q

name the brown labeled structure

A

ureter

138
Q

name the red structure

A

common iliac arteries (aortic bifurcation)

139
Q

name the gray labeled structure

A

inferior mesenteric artery

140
Q

name the black labeled structure

A

aorta

141
Q

name the orange labeled structure

A

left colic artery

142
Q
A
143
Q

name the blue labeled structure

A

sigmoidal artery

144
Q

name the pink labeled structure

A

superior rectal artery

145
Q

name the green labeled structure

A

sigmoid colon

146
Q

name the purple labeled structure

A

descending colon embedded in fat

147
Q

what does the hind gut include

A

distal 1/3 of transverse upper rectum

148
Q

what are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery and where does it branch off of the aorta

A

branches off aorta just above the bifurcation into the common iliacs

left colic and sigmoidal arteries

149
Q

what does the left colic artery supply

A

transverse colon and left part of colon

150
Q

what does the sigmoid artery supply and what are its branches

A

there are sometimes multiple of them which supply the sigmoid colon

its branch , the superior rectal artery enters pelvis to supply the upper part of the rectum

151
Q

name all of the labeled structures in this image

A

yellow: left lobe
green: right lobe
pink: falciform ligament
blue: ligament teres hepatis

152
Q

what is the ligamentum teres hepatis

A

aka the round ligament

obliterated umbilical vein

153
Q

what ligaments surround the bare area of the liver

A

coronary ligament which thickens at the sides forming the triangular ligaments

154
Q
A
155
Q
A
156
Q

where does the hepatic vein drain

A

into the IVC

157
Q

what is the ligamentum venosum

A

obliterated ductus venosum

158
Q

what are the contributaries to the hepatic portal vein

A

superior mesentaric vein, splenich vein, and inferior mesenteric vein

159
Q

what are three anastamosous sights of the hepatic portal system with systemic circulation

A

esophagous: left gastric vein (P) and esophageal veins (S)

umbilicus sinus caput medusa: superficial epigastric veins (S) and paraumbilical veins (P)

between superior rectal vein (P) and inferior and middle rectal veins (S)

160
Q

what can occur at each of the anastamosus sights between portal and systemic circulation in the case of portal hypertension

A

esophageal vericoses, caput madusa, hemmorhoids

161
Q

what is the blood supply to the liver

A

hepatic artery and portal vein

162
Q

blood supply of gall bladder

A

cystic artery from rigth hepatic artery

163
Q

blood supply to spleen

A

splenic arteries from celiac trunk

164
Q

blood supply to pancreas

A

pancreatic branch of splenich artery

head is supplied by superior pancreaticduodenal artery from the gastroduodenal (from celiac trunk) and inferior pancreaticduodenal artery from the superior mesentaric artery

165
Q

stomach blood supply

A

lesser curvature suplied by left gastric artery from celiac trunk and right gastric artery from common hepatic artery

the greater curvature of the stomach is supplied by the left gastro-omental from the splenic artery and the right gastro-omental from the gastroduodenal artery

166
Q

duodenum blood supply

A

proximal segment= gastroduodenal artery and its branches which include the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

distal segment= superior mesenteric artery and the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

167
Q

what does the portal venous system drain

A

the capillary beds of the GI track and the spleen

168
Q

where is the portal triad in relation to the lesser omentum

A

the portal triad runs through the lesser omentum

169
Q

describe the four parts of the duodenum

A

superior, descending, inferior and ascending

they for a C shape that wraps around the head of the pancreas

170
Q

where is McBurneys point and why is it significant

A

it is 1/3 the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus

it the point where the appendix is most commonly located

171
Q

the white double headed arrow in the photograph is over which of the following structures

A. arcuate line

B. medial umbilical fold

C. median umbilical fold

D. lateral umbilica fold

E. spermatic cord vasculature

A

C. median umbilical fold

172
Q

identify the vessel at the arrowhead

A. celiac trunk

B.. hepatic artery

C. left hepatic artery

D. right hepatic artery

E. cystic artery

A

C. left hepatic artery

173
Q

identify

A. left gastric

B. right gastric

C. left gastroepiploic (gastro-omental)

D. rigth gastroepiploic (gastro-omental)

E. gastroduodenal

A

D. right gastroepiploic (gastro-omental)

174
Q

if a large embolism were to lodge in the vessel at the arrowhead, which of the following might be compromised by ischemia

A. ileum

B. jejunum

C. ileocecal junctin

D. ascending colon

E. descending colon

A

C. ileocecal junction

175
Q

what are the structures

A. colonic haustra

B. colonic taenia coli

C. colonic epiploic appendages

D. colonic flexures

E. colonic rugae

A

A. colonic haustra

176
Q

identify the space ahead of the arrowhead

A. opening into the lesser sac of the abdomen

B. opening between the lesser and greater sacs of the abdomen

C. epiploic foramen

D. space covered by the free margin of the lesser omentum

E. all of the above

A

E. all of the above

177
Q

identify the vessel at the arrowhead

A. testicular artery

B. superior epigastric artery

C. ovarian artery

D. inferior epigastric artery

E. internal pudendal artery

A

D. inferior epigastric artery

178
Q

Identify the vessel

A. celiac trunk

B. hepatic artery

C. portal vein

D. cycstic artery

E. splenic artery

A

B. hepatic artery

179
Q

identify the structure

A. duodenal cap

B. head of pancreas

C. greater duodenal papilla

D. splenic flexture

E. pylorus

A

A. duodenal cap

180
Q

Identify the structure

A. hepatic artery proper

B. portal vein

C. inferior vena cava

D. common bile duct

E. ampulla of vater

A

B. portal vein

181
Q

match each to a number on the photo

A. superior medentaric artery

B. jejunal/ileal arteries

C. ileocolic artery

D. middle colic artery

E. right colic artery

A

A. superior medentaric artery: 1

B. jejunal/ileal arteries :3

C. ileocolic artery: 5

D. middle colic artery :2

E. right colic artery: 4

182
Q

match the numbers on photo with the following

A. inferior mesenteric artery

B. left colic artery

C. superior rectal artery

D. sigmoidal artery

E. right common iliac artery

A

A. inferior mesenteric artery: 1

B. left colic artery: 3

C. superior rectal artery: 5

D. sigmoidal artery: 2

E. right common iliac artery: 4

183
Q

differentiate the roles of the following: paretal paritoneum, visceral peritoneum, mesentery, mesocolon

A

perietal peritoneum: lines abdominopelvic wall

visceral peritoneum: invests organs

mesentary: attaches organs to the wall and provides conduit for arteries and nerves
mesocolon: attaches colon to the wall

184
Q

what ligaments are within the greater omentum

A

gastrophrenic, gastrosplenic, gastrocolic ligaments

185
Q

list the retroperitoneal organs

A

SAD PUCKER

Suprarenal gland

Aorta/IVC

Duodenum (2nd-4th)

Pancreas

Ureters

Colon (ascending and descending)

Kindeys

Esophagus

Rectum

186
Q

how can peritoneal cavity be used for dialysis patients

A

fill the peritoneal cavity with dialysis fluid and drain it which is an alternative than blood dialysis so preserves the kidney

187
Q

what is rugae

A

folding within the stomach

188
Q

where are ulcers most commonly found

A

in 1st part of duodenum

189
Q

which part of the duodenum houses the papilla

A

descending duodenum

190
Q

what is the function of the suspensory ligament of treitz

A

suppoerts the junction between the duodenoum and jejunum

it helps to tell whether blood is occuring above or below the duodenum

191
Q

what about the pancreatic blood supply makes pancreatic cancer so difficult to treat

A

the pancreas tail receives the same blood supply as as spleen which requires a lot of blood

192
Q

what is a cholecyctectomy

what does it have to do with the hepatocystic (Calot’s) triangle

A

removal of a gall stone

hepatocystic (Calot’s) triangle: formed by cystic duvt, hepatic duct and inferior border of the liver

must locate the cystic artery near cystic trucnk within the triangle

193
Q

what effect does Chirosis have on the portal system

A

it increases the pressure within the portal system

194
Q

describe transjugular intrhepatic portosystem shunt (TIPS)

A

as a treatment for portal hypertension, surgically bipasses the liver by connecting portal vein to hepatic vein

there is an increased risk of encephalopathy as there is less filtering so higher risk of toxins getting to the brain

195
Q

how does jejunum vasculature differ from the ileum

A

the jejunum has longer vasarecta and shorter arterial arcades while the ileum has short vasa recta and longer arterial arcades within their mesentaries

196
Q

where is pain refered if there is a tear in lesser curvature of stomach

A

shoulder and abdomen

gastric juices will irritate the diaphragm which is innervated by phrenic nerves from cervical nerves 3, 4, 5 which also contain nerves that innervate the shoulder (shoulder commonly receives referred pain from diaphragm)

197
Q
A
198
Q
A
199
Q
A
200
Q
A
201
Q
A
202
Q
A
203
Q
A
204
Q
A
205
Q
A