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Pharmacology II > ER drugs > Flashcards

ER drugs Flashcards

1
Q

crash cart/box

A

contents are usually things that are needed for emergencies: IV catheters, syringes, bandage material, ambu bag, ET tubes, drugs

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2
Q

information that should be shared with all medical professionals working on a specific animal as soon as possible

A

nature of illness/injury, condition of animal, time injury/event occurred or was noticed, any preexisting illness or meds, age/breed/sex/weight

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3
Q

CPCR

A

cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation

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4
Q

what are the two types of CPCR?

A

basic life support: BLS
advanced life support: ALS

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5
Q

what is the goal of CPCR?

A

maintain adequate oxygenation, restore ventilation, correct acidosis

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6
Q

CPA

A

cardiopulmonary arrest
sudden total failure of circulatory and respiratory systems

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7
Q

warning signs of CPA

A

sudden changes in respiratory rate, HR, pulse quality, body temperature, collapse, wide-eyed stare, rigid front legs, no blink reflex

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8
Q

basic life support

A

goals: aid ventilation, oxygenation, circulation
administer chest compressions, ventilation, establish airway, breathe for patient, maintain circulation with thoracic compression
can add in IV fluids only if hypovolemia existed/was suspected or if experiencing ongoing blood loss

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9
Q

advanced life support

A

establishing venous access
interpretation of ECG
can monitor end tidal CO2

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10
Q

drugs administered ET

A

NAVEL
naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine
small saline chaser given immediately after drug
red rubber catheter inserted down ET and drugs administered through the catheter deep into lungs

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11
Q

vasopressors

A

epinephrine, vasopressin

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12
Q

epinephrine

A

injectable adrenergic
affects alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2 receptors
increases HR, CO, vasoontricts vessels to skin, vasodilates vessels to muscles, bronchiole dilation

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13
Q

how much more of a drug do you give when it is an ET dose?

A

2-3 x normal drug dose
sometimes needs to be diluted too

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14
Q

vasopressin

A

vasoconstrictor
increases rate and force of contractions and increases vascular resistance
only use in non-shockable arrest ECG rhythm (any except V-fib)

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15
Q

parasympathetic anticholinergic agents

A

atropine, glycopyrrolate
inhibits actions of acetylcholine by occupying receptors
by blocking parasympathetic nerve the SNS dominates

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16
Q

atropine

A

crosses placental barrier
treatment for bradycardia in Sx
treats organophosphate poisoning
usually given after epinephrine
fast acting, short duration, may cause tachycardia

17
Q

glycopyrrolate

A

similar to atropine
doesn’t cross placental barrier
slow acting

18
Q

when should you give a reversal agent for an ER drug?

A

after patient with CPA is given a drug that has a reversal
unless they are dead

19
Q

atipamezole

A

reverses alpha 2 adrenergic agonists (like Dexmedetomidine)
flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines
naloxone reverses opioids

20
Q

antiarrhythmic agents

A

amiodarone, magnesium chloride, esmolol, lidocaine
lidocaine treats v-tach and VPCS

21
Q

alkalinizing agents

A

routine admin not recommended
used for prolonged CPA
sodium bicarbonate treats metabolic acidosis and raises pH

22
Q

Doxapram

A

not used routinely in CPCR
reverses CNS depression caused by depressants
stimulates brainstem to increase RR
used in C-section neonates
transmucosal

23
Q

adrenergic agents

A

Dobutamine, dopamine, norepinephrine

24
Q

dobutamine

A

affects beta 1 receptors, at higher doses affects beta 2 and alpha 1 receptors
treats heart failure, increases contractions without as much vasoconstriction as dopamine

25
Q

dopamine

A

affects beta 1 receptors, at higher doses affects beta 2, alpha 1, and alpha 2 receptors
treats shock, CHF, hypotension
increases contractions and heart rate

26
Q

norepinephrine

A

affects alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors
increases BP

27
Q

diazepam

A

anticonvulsant
controls seizures
IV or rectal
quick onset and action
controlled substance

28
Q

midazolam

A

anticonvulsant
longer onset
controlled substance

29
Q

electrolytes

A

magnesium, potassium, calcium
assess with bloodwork
administer as needed

30
Q

oxygen

A

patient receives room air and oxygen
invasive: nasal cannulas, nasal catheters, nasopharyngeal catheters, nasotracheal catheters
noninvasive: less effective, face mask, O2 cage

Pharmacology II (14 decks)

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