Equine drugs and bugs

Question 1

Erratic etiologies requiring 4 quadrant coverage pending C&S

Answer 1

peritonitis, pleuropneumonia, aspiration pneumonia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, cellulits

Question 2

Drug combos with 4 quadrant coverage

Answer 2

fluoroquinolone/aminoglycoside + ampicillin + metronidazole; fluoroquinolone/aminoglycoside + cefoxitin; TMS + ampicillin

Question 3

Single agent with 4 quadrant coverage

Answer 3

chloramphenicol

Question 4

Cystitis/pyelonephritis

Answer 4

tris-EDTA + gentamicin or chlorhexadine

Question 5

UTI

Answer 5

TMS

Question 6

Strangles

Answer 6

before abscessation: macrolides; after abscessation: advised to not use antibiotics

Question 7

Sinusitis/guttural pouch infection

Answer 7

1st choice pen G; 2nd choice TMS

Question 8

Lower respiratory

Answer 8

TMS if not pleuropneumonia

Question 9

Pleuropneumonia

Answer 9

Chloramphenicol; aminoglycoside + ampicillin + metronidazole

Question 10

Rhodococcus pneumonia

Answer 10

clarithromycin +/- rifampin

Question 11

Potomoc horse fever

Answer 11

Oxytetracycline IV if severe; doxycycline

Question 12

Cornea

Answer 12

Strep equi or Staph: triple antibiotic (for bacitracin); Pseuodomonas: tobramycin ophthalmic ointment, triple antibiotic (for polymyxin B); Fungal: voriconazole

Question 13

Skin

Answer 13

Dermatophilus (rain-scald): PPG; Staph: TMS

Question 14

Bacterial meningitis

Answer 14

Fluoroquinolone +/- pen G for strep meningitis

Question 15

Clostridial enteritis

Answer 15

metronidazole

Question 16

Septicemic salmonellosis or colibacillosis

Answer 16

TMS

Question 17

Antimicrobials to use cautiously in horses

Answer 17

Fluoroquinolones; erythromycin in adult horses; tetracyclines

Question 18

Antimicrobials to avoid in horses

Answer 18

tylosin, tilmicosin, lincomycin and clindamycin, florfenicol, ionophores