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Geography - Diverse Places > eq - 4 > Flashcards

eq - 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

define management

A

The planning and implementing of a set of actions that facilitate the transition from one situation to another that is hoped for. It requires setting out and following a series of steps or actions that lead to eventually solving the original problem or improving the issue

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2
Q

define issue

A

An important topic or problem for debate or discussion e.g. immigration or racism

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3
Q

Demographic issues

A
  • total pop
  • rate of pop change
  • migration balance
  • age structure
  • ethnic mic
  • family size
  • life expectancy
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4
Q

Economic issues

A
  • type of employment
  • unemployment rate
  • household income
  • % on minimum wage
  • dwelling tenure
  • % on social benefits
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5
Q

London borough regeneration strategies - Barking and Dagenham

A
  • deliver housing on industrial brownfield sites
  • used to be London’s biggest manufacturing borough
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6
Q

London borough regeneration strategies - Tower Hamlets

A
  • redevelopment
  • canary Wharf
    -prestige infastructire
  • professional new housing
  • new London City Airport
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7
Q

London borough regeneration strategies - Newham

A
  • hosted 2012 Olympic Games
  • contains Westfield shopping centre which generated 10,000 jobs
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8
Q

define assimilation

A

the process by which people of diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds come to interact and intermix free of constraints in the life of the larger community or nation

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9
Q

How to assess assimilation

A
  • differences in wage rates and salaries
  • what % of minority groups are voting
  • residential distribution of different ethnic or immigrant groups
  • crime rate of racism and whether is it rising or falling
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10
Q

what is a stakeholder

A

someone who has an interest in something

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11
Q

stakeholders in Lewisham and contrasting stakeholders - Hutchinson Property Group and Lewisham Council

A

initiative to transform the derelict brownfield site into a lively vibrant riverside community, new commercial leisure etc facilities

  • Hutchinson Property Group plan to develop 16.6ha so they can make money for themselves
  • Lewisham council would be in support because it would bring lots of money and jobs to the area would regenerate derelict brownfield sites and wages should increase on average
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12
Q

stakeholders in Lewisham and contrasting stakeholders - UK gov and Lewisham residents

A

gov initiative called ‘contest’, and ‘prevent’ is the paper of it designed to stop young Muslims being radicalised. Lewisham was added to the list of areas receiving special support.

Gov- back the scheme and think it is the way to stop racism etc

lewisham residents - would be against the prevent scheme as they don’t trust it and see it as a form of spying and feel alienated by it because it is focused on Muslims

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13
Q

Stakeholders contrasting views in Lewisham (Pepys Estate) - The Hyde group and existing residents

A

Pepys estate Aragon Tower being sold for £11.2 million forcing residents out to build luxury housing

hyde group - obviously love the idea (their own) and thinks the money could be spent elsewhere

Lewisham residents - are annoyed by this as they are losing their homes and are being forced out of the area

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14
Q

Who are Aik Saath

A

A charity who tackle tensions between young Sikhs Muslims and Hindus. they work in schools and places of worship by doing; conflict resolution, community cohesion, tackling extremism, anti-racism and say no to knives

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15
Q

Define gentrification

A

When rich people move to a poor area and the area changes where the working-class’ place is occupied by the middle-class

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16
Q

What are the problems faced in oxford?

A
  • house prices are 11x the wage making them the most expensive city in the UK
  • most commute from Oxford to London which drives the disparity
  • there are not enough homes for the population
  • services in the city are struggling and the economy and quality of life fall as a result
  • The aim is to build 24,000-32,000 new homes but not much room for them
  • 50% of people in Oxford are commuters affecting the city reputation
  • nowhere to build new homes
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17
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - local services

A

more stress and strain put on them if new homes are built so that needs to be considered

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18
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - local population /existing population / young residents

A

feel like their home is being taken over by rich London commuters and are being priced out of where they live

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19
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - Uni’s

A

feel like they are being held back by the issue with higher rents etc and it might drive people to other uni’s

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20
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - NGO’s

A

concerned about the conservation and protection of natural and cultural heritage.

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21
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - old age residents

A

personally house prices helps their own pension

22
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - Oxford County Council

A

strain being put on the services and economy struggling and QoL falling

23
Q

Stakeholders in oxfords view on the housing issue - national and international companies

A

anxious to set up close to uni to benefit from research due to labour shortages

24
Q

The solution to fix the problem with housing in Oxford

A
  • the city boundary is tight around the built-up area and there is a shortage of land suitable for housing inside the boundary.
  • 6 possible sites were identified and after investigation 3 of those were marked ‘good prospects for development’
  • to help with the problem of affordable housing the gov have insisted new dwellings that should include affordable housing.
25
Q

Stakeholders in Oxford’s view on the solution to fix the housing problem - young adults

A

these young adults are largely in favour of new housing due to it making first homes more affordable for them

26
Q

Stakeholders in Oxford’s view on the solution to fix the housing problem - old age residents

A

not happy as it will lead to their home losing value

27
Q

Stakeholders outside of Oxford’s view on the solution to fix the housing problem - council

A

think it is good as they need to help the city find overspill areas

28
Q

Stakeholders in Oxford’s view on the solution to fix the housing problem - NGO’s

A

against the new plans as they are all about the conservation and protection of heritage

29
Q

what are the issues faced in Anglesey?

A
  • highly seasonal tourism meaning jobs are mainly harder to find outside of May to September
  • a popular location for many second homes which drives up home prices
  • Young people leaving the area due to high home prices and lack of year-round/high-skill employment
30
Q

what local and national changes have affected Anglesey in the last few decades?

A
  • increase in leisure time and personal mobility through mass car ownership has boosted tourism in Anglesey bringing £250 million to the island economy annually
  • its isolation means it isn’t popular with day-trippers but it is a popular second-home destination
  • nuclear power station Wylfa opened in 1971 but closed in 2012
30
Q

Energy island scheme Anglesey

A

Council plans to create an economic hub on the island focused on low-carbon energy

plans for a new nuclear plant were put on hold in 2012 dealing a blow to Energy Island but in 2024 the gov wants to build a new nuclear power plant in Wylfa. The Gov want 24 gigawatts of power by 2050 and this would play a part in that

30
Q

what are the 3 schemes happening in Anglesey?

A
  • energy island
  • council tax on second homes
  • land and lakes development
31
Q

Council tax on second homes in Anglesey

A

The Welsh gov voted to allow local councils to increase council tax by 100% on second homes from 2012 onwards. Anglesey Council expected to start with a 25% increase

The policy aims to reduce second homes and empty homes in Anglesey leading to increased housing supply for locals.

32
Q

Land and Lakes development in Anglesey

A

A £150million private leisure park development at Penrhos near Holyhead, it will build 300homes and 300 holiday lodges and will be built on the former site of Anglesey Aluminium works

plans have upset locals and £20 million will be paid to the council to offset the costs of new infrastructure for the development. doesn’t diversify the economy but it does provide more jobs

33
Q

What are the young residents views on the developments in Anglesey?

A

they dont like the high house prices and lack of job opportunities in Anglesey therefore;

  • they like council tax on second homes as it helps lower prices
  • like the energy island scheme as it provides full-time high-skill employment.
  • like the land and lakes development as it provides more jobs but these jobs are seasonal low-skill which isn’t what they desire.
34
Q

What are the elderly residents views on the developments in Anglesey?

A

wouldn’t be affected by lack of jobs + benefit from high house prices

  • like Energy Island as it makes energy cheaper
  • don’t like Energy Island as wouldn’t want to live next to the power station
  • developments make it busier and less tranquil
35
Q

What are the working-age residents views on the developments in Anglesey?

A

done like the number of seasonal jobs and lack of high-skill employment and also don’t like high house prices

  • like how Energy Island creates more full-time high-skill jobs
  • like how the tax will reduce house prices
  • don’t like how land and lakes creates seasonal low-skill jobs
36
Q

How do Tourists view the developments in Anglesey?

A

they like the tranquillity and cill of Anglesey for holidays but not much to do

  • like land and lakes development as it gives more options for where to stay
  • don’t like how power plant will reduce the environmental quality
37
Q

What are the second homeowners views on the developments in Anglesey?

A

they like Anglesey to visit as it is tranquil but don’t want to live there

  • like how there are more homes available (more supply for people to buy)
  • don’t like the idea of council tax rising as they are being charged more than they originally thought they would be
38
Q

How do the Anglesey County Council view the developments in Anglesey?

A

they are looking for ways to improve the local economy in Anglesey

  • they like how energy is and new plans are creating more jobs which are year around and high-skill
  • hope that increasing the council tax on second homes will lead to people selling and increasing the supply for people in Anglesey.
39
Q

Cornwall - case study - farming

A
  • tractor drivers work all year for a local Cornish firm; ploughing, spraying and harvesting
  • workers planting cauliflowers are Eastern European and plan to work 3 months where after most of them will return home until autumn harvest. They are working for a local gang-master and after deductions they will receive £2 an hour
40
Q

Cornwall - case study - diversity in Cornwall

A
  • it is one of the UK’s least ethnically diverse places - 95% of the population is white British
  • census only records permanent residents and most agricultural workers are temporary
41
Q

Cornwall - case study - image vs reality

A
  • jobs are mostly seasonal low paid and part time
  • Cornwall lacks year round economy for adult employment
  • most farmland in Cornwall was used for livestock faming however shops drove down the price for things like milk and milk was 34p a litre and farmers were receiving 28p
42
Q

Cornwall - case study - post production countryside

A
  • rural areas now produce less
  • as well as in agriculture employments has also fallen massively in the china clay industry from 10,000 in the 1960s to just 800 in 2015.
  • decline in employment lead to a lack of of opportunity for the youth and they end up leaving the area leading to a ‘brain drain’
  • Cornwall had England’s lowest full time average earnings of 25,155 (77% of UK average)
43
Q

Cornwall - Eden Project

A
  • opened in 2001
  • 2 large biome exhibits
  • cost £140m
  • generated over £1.1billion for Cornwall’s economy
  • attracted 13 million visitors
    -directly employed 650people who were previously unemployed
  • 3000 jobs linked to the project overall
  • expanded tourism to all year rather than seasonal
  • traffic in the area has increased as a result
  • local firms struggle to hire staff due to competition
  • areas close to the project have lost attraction due to the project.
44
Q

Cornwall - superfast broadband

A
  • by 2016 over 85% of Cornwall had access to fibre broadband making it the first region in the UK to have this
  • it cost £132million (53.5m from EU and £78.5m from BT)
  • encourages working from home helping to bring more job opportunities
  • created 2000 jobs in the process (not all long term)
  • annual economic impact of around £200m
  • largest rural fibre network in the world
45
Q

Cornwall - enterprise zones

A
  • gov provided aid to Cornwall including a specific location which attracts forms of local aid
  • they have incentives to bring investment to the area e.g. council tax on businesses up to £160,000 for 5 years
  • generates greater opportunities for a variety of employment
  • issues around environment conservation - no planning permission needed for building as once insensitive
  • may reduce the effect of ‘brain drain’ in Cornwall
46
Q

Cornwall - Aircraft industries

A
  • involves the introduction of new training centres
  • opportunities for private premium transport
  • base for emergency services to operate out of
  • greater income into the local area due to new jobs
  • improved local emergency services
  • bad as there is more noise and environmental pollution
47
Q

Stakeholders views on regeneration of Cornwall - local gov

A

In support of all the strategies as they all help bring more work/jobs to the region which helps stop people leaving the area due to the many other benefits

48
Q

Stakeholders views on regeneration of Cornwall - education centres

A

These really like the Aircraft Industries project as it helps with education people in the region. The majority are in favour of the Eden Project as it is a great site for them to use for studying and education. They also support how other strategies provide work in the region.

49
Q

Stakeholders views on regeneration of Cornwall - environmentalists

A

They are in support mainly for thing like the Eden Project despite the tourism and increased emissions from people visiting. They also support the broadband project as it encourages working from home which lowers emissions with people not commuting.

Geography - Diverse Places (5 decks)

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