EPPP- Cognitive Affective Basis of Behavior Flashcards
Which of the following statements regarding Signal Detection Theory (SDT) is true?
a. SDT deals with the fact that when confronted with the same stimulus two people usually see the same thing
b. Discriminability (d’) is a mathematical function of signal strength and background noise
c. Response bias is a function of the diurnal variation phase of the respondent
d. Acuity is to response bias as willingness to report is to discriminablity
b. Discriminability (d’) is a mathematical function of signal strength and background noise
Which of the following statements regarding perceptual processes is false?
a. Elaboration occurs in short-term sensory stores
b. Perceptual processing is conducted in hierarchical, functionally segregated, and parallel units
c. Feature binding occurs at later stages of perceptual processing
d. A functional segregated unit has access to the contents of another unit
a. Elaboration occurs in short-term sensory stores
All of the following terms are related to selective attention with the exception of:
a. the cocktail party phenomenon
b. attentional blindness
c. wakefulness
d. reduction of distractor interference
c. wakefulness
Which of the following statements regarding executive functions (EFs) is false?
a. EFs are measured in some intelligence tests
b. The constructs of working memory and EF are closely related
c. Hot and cold EFs have been described
d. EF is not related to emotional distress
d. EF is not related to emotional distress
Which of the following is not part of David Weschler’s definition of intelligence?
a. Capacity to act purposefully
b. Capacity to think rationally
c. Capacity to acquire information through acculturation
d. Capacity to deal effectively with the environment
c. Capacity to acquire information through acculturation
Which of the following is the only true statement applying to the field of intelligence?
a. A. R. Luria’s three-level theory of neuropsychological function is unrelated to intelligence test development
b. Spearman was a primary mental ability theorist
c. Cattell made a major contribution by identifying fluid and crystallized forms of intelligence
d. Structural research is to longitudinal studies as developmental research is to factor analysis
c. Catell made a major contribution by identifying fluid and crystallized forms of intelligence
Identify the one statement regarding intelligence tests that is not true.
a. Composite intelligence scores correlate around .70 to .80 with academic achievement
b. Abbreviated tests of intelligence have not been developed due to validity concerns
c. Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory is the theoretical basis for most intelligence tests
d. Split-half reliability for composite intelligence test scores tends to be about .90
b. Abbreviated tests of intelligence have not been developed due to validity concerns
Which of the following statements regarding bias in intelligence testing is false?
a. Cross cultural psychologists discourage use of ethnic group measurement norms
b. Socioeconomic status accounts for some of the ethnic influences found on intelligence testing
c. Stereotype threat can influence test performance
d. Increasingly, cross-cultural psychologists view ethnic differences on intelligence tests as a proxy for the effects of quality of education and acculturation
a. Cross cultural psychologists discourage use of ethnic group measurement norms
Of these the only one not identified as a protective factor against the deleterious effects of aging on cognition is:
a. physical exercise
b. control beliefs
c. social support
d. agreeableness
d. agreeableness
A negative reinforcer is found in _____ and causes response rates to _____
a. operant conditioning; increase
b. classical conditioning; increase
c. operant conditioning; decrease
d. classical conditioning; decrease
b. classical conditioning; increase
To produce the fastest rates of response one would employ _____ schedule of reinforcement.
a. CRF
b. VI
c. Ratio
d. Interval
c. Ratio
For the fastest learning rates one would employ ___ schedule of reinforcement.
a. FR
b. VI
c. DRH
d. CRF
d. CRF
The procedure using the anticipation method of Ebbinghaus showed that _____ trials were more efficient than _____ trials.
a. spaced; massed
b. recency; primary
c. massed; spaced
d. operant; classical
a. spaced; massed
Tolman had rats live in a maze where no food was ever introduced in order to demonstrate _____
a. primacy effect
b. learning in spaced trials
c. latent motivation
d. learning without reward
d. learning without reward
B. F. Skinner argued that _____ free will
a. contrary to belief, no one has
b. everyone starts out life with
c. we will never know who has
d. one has to attain a state of
a. contrary to belief, no one has
“Working memory” is a newer term for:
a. sensory memory
b. short-term memory
c. long-term memory
d. none of these
b. short-term memory
Which level of processing takes the longest to work?
a. comprehension
b. focal attention
c. elaboration
d. presensory
c. elaboration
Nondeclarative memory is characterized by being:
a. explicit in nature
b. memories we don’t want to talk about
c. memories we don’t know we have
d. memories too painful to recall
c. memories we don’t know we have
HM was a man who had lost his ability to form new memories. Damage to which structure in his brain was mainly responsible for this condition?
a. Hippocampus
b. frontal cortex
c. hypothalamus
d. thalamus
a. Hippocampus
This theory of emotion postulates that physiological sensations are the primary element of emotional experience.
a. Circumplex model
b. Cannon-Bard theory
c. James-Lange theory
d. Two-factor theory
c. James-Lange theory
The interpretation of emotional experience through cognitive processes is known as:
a. cognitive appraisal
b. cognitive dissonance
c. cognitive assessment
d. emotional decision making
a. cognitive appraisal
According to LeDoux, this brain region is the primary center of fear-related processing:
a. hippocampus
b. VMPFC
c. cingulate gyrus
d. amygdala
d. amygdala
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a component of motivation?
a. arousal
b. valence
c. direction
d. intensity
b. valence
Clark Hull considered drive reduction to be _____
a. excitatory
b. punishing
c. reinforcing
d. unnecessary
c. reinforcing
Which of the following is NOT part of the cognitive therapy as described by Aaron Beck?
a. cognitive distortion
b. cognitive bias
c. automatic thoughts
d. self-defeating thoughts
d. self-defeating thoughts
Which theory has been postulated to explain depression as a function of inescapable pain?
a. somatic marker hypothesis
b. learned helplessness
c. cognitive dissonance
d. expectancy theory
b. learned helplessness
Which of the following is NOT a component of Weiner’s attributional style theory?
a. globality/specificity
b. internality/externality
c. equity/inequity
d. stability/instability
c. equity/inequity
Somatic marker hypothesis postulates that this brain area is important to efficient emotional decision making:
a. hippocampus
b. VMPFC
c. orbitofrontal cortex
d. amygdala
b. VMPFC
Paul Ekman is best known for the _____
a. circumplex model of emotion
b. dimensional emotion model
c. basic emotion model
d. cognitive appraisal model
c. basic emotion model
Achievement, affiliation, and authority are components of which theory of motivation?
a. self-determination theory
b. need for achievement theory
c. expectancy theory
d. attributional theory
b. need for achievement theory
