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Beef Cattle Science > EPPN 154 Final Study Guide > Flashcards

EPPN 154 Final Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

T/f: understanding plant growth and development and understanding microbiology are the 2 important elements in plant pathology

A

true

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2
Q

T/F: Plant pathology focus on treating individuals (plants)

A

false

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3
Q

T/F: etiology is the cause of plant disease

A

true

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4
Q

T/F: “phyto” means suffering or disease in plant pathology

A

false, means of a plant

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5
Q

T/F: A harmful alteration of the normal physiological or biological development of a plant is a short definition of plant diseases

A

true

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6
Q

T/F: nematodes are a biotic cause plant disease

A

true

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7
Q

T/F: potato calico is a fabric used for quilting

A

false

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8
Q

T/F: late potato blight caused the Irish potato famine

A

true

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9
Q

What historical events were impacted by ergot in human society

A

a potato famine
holy fire
witch trials (wheat fever)

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10
Q

What is not a component of the disease trial from 154

a. environment
b. host
c. pathogen
d. infection

A

d. infection

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11
Q

what is not a symptom of plant disease

a. color change
b. tissue death
c. wilting
d. fever

A

d. fever

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12
Q

what is the study of a plant disease

a. phytopathology
b. endocrinology
c. ornithology
d. microbiology

A

a. phytopathology

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13
Q

which factor is not related to variation in milk microbiome?

a. time postpartum
b. maternal diet
c. fraternal diet
d. childcare practices

A

c. fraternal diet

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14
Q

T/F: a potential route where maternal diet might influence milk microbiome is alteration of nutrient availability in mammary tissue and alteration of mammary microbes

A

true

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15
Q

which of the following is not an origin of the milk microbiome?

a. gut bacteria
b. mammary microbiota
c. colostrum/milk microbiota
d. infant gut

A

d. infant gut

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16
Q

T/F: there is a core milk microbiome

A

true

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17
Q

globally which bacteria is found most frequently?

a. streptococcus
b. staphylococcus
c. serratia
d. both strep and staph

A

d. both strep and staph

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18
Q

T/F: a paradigm shift is a change that occurs in scientific research

A

false

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19
Q

T/F: human milk has an inherent microbiome which varies nationally

A

false

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20
Q

T/F: most beef is dry aged

A

false

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21
Q

T/F: charcuterie is thinly sliced prepared and cured meat

A

true

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22
Q

T/F: dry aging meat prolongs shelf life

A

true

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23
Q

T/F: some yeasts are known to tenderize beef

A

true

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24
Q

T/F: having any trace of bacteria on meat is a bad thing

A

false

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25
T/F: meat is sterile
false
26
T/F: wet aging is an exact science
true
27
T/F: contemporary chefs are not interested in old world methods
false
28
T/F: homemade salumi is not legal to sell in the US.
true
29
which of the following are considered charcuterie meats. a. ham b. sushi c. canned meats
a. ham
30
how long is dry aged meat kept at the necessary temp? a. 14-35 days b. 12-16 hours c. 35-120 days d. approx. 24 hours
a. 14-35 days
31
What is one of the old world ways of enjoying meat? a. vacuum packed b. Hawaiian bbq c. dry aging
c. dry aging
32
which pathogen talked about in dr. bass's lecture had the highest % of deaths? a. e. coli b. toxoplasma c. listeria monocytogenes
c. hysteria monocytogenes
33
which of the following is a fungal species associated with tenderness a. idahovandalies b. mucor sp. PG272 c. penicilium polonium
b. mucor sp. PG272
34
t/f: malaria is a eukaryote
true
35
t/f: someone dies from malaria every 12 seconds in the world
true
36
t/f: only anopheles mosquitos transmit human malaria
true
37
t/f: malaria is the first deadliest disease in the world
false, 6th
38
t/f: the only way mortality happens in humans with malaria is anemia
false
39
t/f: anophelines are found in antartica
false
40
t/f: doxycycline is an antimalarial drug
true
41
t/f: human malarial drug resistance is a constant concern
true
42
t/f: sterilizing mosquitos is the best way to control malaria
false
43
how many species of malaria affect humans a. 10 b. 8 c. 3 d. 5
d. 5
44
how many US outbreaks of malaria have there been since 1957? a. 24 b. 63 c. 1000 d. 157
b. 63
45
which below are symptoms of malaria? a. the cold stage b. the hot stage c. the sweating stage d. all of the above
d. all of the above
46
which method of controlling malaria is the best and most cost effective? a. spray DDT b. insecticide treated bednets c. source reduction
b. insecticide treated bednets
47
the root term malaria is defined as a. swamp fever b. enl disease c. bad air d. mosquito infection
c. bad air
48
which of the following is not a species of plasmodium that infects humans? a. plasmodium virax b. plasmodium olevacea c. plasmodium ovale d. plasmodium knowlesi
b. plasmodium olevacea
49
how is the fungal community composition impacted by antibiotics in manure? a. decreases in zygomycota and increase in sordariomycetes b. increase in zygomycota and increase in sordariomyctes c. decrease in zygomycota and decrease in sordariomyctes d. increase in zygomycota and decrease in sordariomycetes
c. decrease in zygomycota and decrease in sordariomycetes
50
T/F; can the maintenance of antibiotic resistance be directly linked to ecosystem function?
true
51
t/f: antimicrobial resistance will kill more people by 2050 than cancer.
true
52
the antibiotics int eh manure were from..? a. an intermuscular infusion b. an intermammary infusion c. an iv injection d. all of the above
b. an intermammary infusion
53
who uses the most antibiotics worldwide? a. china b. usa c. Brazil d. germany
a. china
54
t/f: 80% of us antibiotic sales are from livestock.
true
55
what % of antibiotics are excreted? a. 5-10 b. 10-20 c. 20-50 d. 40-95
d. 40-95%
56
t/f: some antibiotics can lead to less efficient carbon cycling?
true
57
t/f: maintainance of antibiotic resistance does not increase metabolic demand
false
58
t/f: the prevalence of antibiotic resistance increases with the use of antibiotics
true
59
what is the impact of antibiotics in soil microbes? a. bacterial community compositional shift towards groups indicative of resistance b. increase in antibiotic resistance gene (ARGs) abundance c. maintenance of antibiotic resistance may increase metabolic demands d. all of the above
d.all of the above
60
what is the percentage global use expected to increase in the next 20 years? a. 10 b. 50 c. 67 d. -10
c. 67%
61
t/f: management can impact microbial communities and ecosystem processes.
true
62
t/f: 40-95% of antibiotics administered are excreted
true
63
t/f: dothidemycetes increases with the change in fungal community composition
false
64
what is the definition of fermentation? a. gentle bubbling or boiling action b. life in the absence of oxygen c. alcohol fermentation d. process of bacteria making energy in anerobic environment e. biological processes whether or not oxygen is present f. all of the above
f. all of the above
65
which is not a basic of food microbiology? a. microbial growth b. spores and their significance c. virus control d. detection and enumeration
c. virus control
66
what is the role of lactic acid bacteria in food microbiology? a. break down food b. production of fermented foods and beverages c. gas production d. improvement of texture
b. production of fermented foods and beverages
67
which microbes are not important in food? a. molds b. parasites c. yeast d. viruses e. protozoa
e. protozoa
68
which is not a bioprocess that change food properties while bacteria generate energy in the absence of oxygen? a. acid production b. flavor c. color d. nutrient bioavailability
c. color
69
which is not a lactic acid bacteria fermentation? a. dairy fermentations b. vegetable fermentation c. meat fermentation d. grains fermentation
d. grains fermentation
70
t/f: fermentation and bioprocess don't have the same meaning
false
71
t/f: to enrich products with desired microbial metabolites is one of the uses of fermentation
true
72
t/f: growth of bacteria is not responsible for fermentation
false
73
t/f: fermentation supports healthful eating
true
74
t/f: pasteurization kills most of the natural LAB present in raw milk
true
75
t/f: fermentation has one definition
false
76
t/f: lactic acid bacteria and their fermentation products are microbes important in food
true
77
t/f: local food movements and small producer foods are associated with fermentation
true
78
phyto=
plant
79
pathos=
suffering or disease
80
logos=
the study of
81
plant pathology vs. human pathology
treatment directed at populations rather than individuals | focus on prevention rather than cure
82
plant disease triangle
environment suscept/host pathogen
83
biotic causes of plant disease
``` fungi virus viroids nematodes protozoa bacteria ```
84
causes of plant disease
etiology

Beef Cattle Science (5 decks)

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