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HDM > epithelium and integmentum > Flashcards

epithelium and integmentum Flashcards

1
Q

specialized for movement, secretion, and or absorption (increase cell surface area)

A

apical specializations

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2
Q

four types of apical specializations

A

microvilli, stereocilia, cilia, flagella

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3
Q

brush border. Increases cell surface area

A

microvillia

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4
Q

very long, non-motile microvilli. Found in epididymis and inner ear. Specialized for absorption and secretion

A

stereocilia

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5
Q

mobile, hair-like projections specialized for coordinated movement. Extensions of cytoskeleton. Creates current for movement of fluids and particulate matter

A

cilia

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6
Q

motil, used for transportation. 1:1 cell to projection

A

flagella

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7
Q

Simple Epithelia

A

one layer, easy for things to pass through

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8
Q

Stratified

A

more than one layer

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9
Q

Pseudostratified

A

Appears to have more than one layer but all cells contact basal lamina

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10
Q

Squamous

A

flat

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11
Q

Cuboidal

A

Square

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12
Q

Columnar

A

Rectangular

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13
Q

Zona Occludens

A

Tight Junctions, prevents membrane proteins from moving between apical and lateral domains,

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14
Q

Zonula Adherens

A

Adhering junctions, contain plaques of myosin, tropoyosin and vinculin

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15
Q

Macula adherens

A

desmosomes, mediated by desmogleins, cytokeratin filaments attached for shearing forces

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16
Q

Gap junctions

A

Connexons, intercellular communication

17
Q

Two parts of Basement Membrane

A

Basal Lamina, Reticular Lamina

18
Q

Two parts of basal Lamina

A

Lamina lucida, Lamina densa

19
Q

Lamina Lucida is made up of….

A

extracellular glycoproteins (entactin, integrins and laminin)

20
Q

Lamina Densa is made up of…

A

collagen IV fibrils

21
Q

Reticular Lamina

A

produced by fibroblasts, made of collagen I and III

22
Q

Thick Skin

A 
palmar hand, plantar foot
Sweat Glands
No Hair
epidermal ridges present
Keratinized
thick stratum corneum
23
Q

Thin Skin

A

everywhere BUT plantar foot and palmar hand
Sweat and sebaceous glands
Hair
thin stratum corneum

24
Q

5 Epidermis Layers or Strata

A

Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

Coach Larry Got Stung Baddly

25
Q

Epidermis

A

5 layers
avascular
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Free nerve endings

26
Q

Stratum Basale

A 
aka Germinatvium
bound to keratinocytes by desmosomes
bound to basal lamina by hemidesmosomes at dermal epidermal junction
mitotically active
produces keratin
simple cuboidal/columnar
27
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

spiny appearance - bundules of tonofilaments associated w/ desmosomes
mitotically active
thickens with pressure to produce corns/calluses
makes keratohyalin and lamellar granules

28
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

3-5 layers thick
distinct nucleus
granules present

29
Q

Keratohyalin Granules

A

Basophilic non-membrane bound granules
Cystine and Histadine rich
assembles keratin into bundles
cholesterol sulfate = glue

30
Q

lamellar granules

A

barrierto foreign material

protects from dehydration

31
Q

Stratum Lucidum

A

no organells or nuclei
THICK SKIN ONLY
densly packed keratin filaments

32
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

multiple layers
filled w/ mature keratin
thick = 15-40 layers
thin = 10-20 layers

33
Q

4 epidermis cell types

A

Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans cells, merkel cells

34
Q

Keratinocytes

A

make Keratin and Lamellar Granules
final location of Melanin
most abundant

35
Q

Melanocytes

A

In stratum basale (no desmosomes)

makes melanin and transfers to keratinocytes

36
Q

Melanin

A

protects cell nuclei from UV radiation
Tyrosinase enzyme is UV sensitive
Cytocrine secretion

37
Q

Langerhans Cells

A 
In Stratum Spinosum mainly
dendritic cells
easily damaged by UV rays
immunologic skin rxns
Birbecks granules
38
Q

Merkel Cells

A 
In Stratum Basale
more numerous in thick skin
free nerve endings
mechanorecptors (sensation)
can give rise to very bad skin cancer
part of diffuse neuroendocrine system
39
Q

/Users/michaelpulsipher/Desktop/Screen Shot 2016-08-24 at 6.39.17 PM.png

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

HDM (7 decks)

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