epithelium and integmentum

Question 1

specialized for movement, secretion, and or absorption (increase cell surface area)

Answer 1

apical specializations

Question 2

four types of apical specializations

Answer 2

microvilli, stereocilia, cilia, flagella

Question 3

brush border. Increases cell surface area

Answer 3

microvillia

Question 4

very long, non-motile microvilli. Found in epididymis and inner ear. Specialized for absorption and secretion

Answer 4

stereocilia

Question 5

mobile, hair-like projections specialized for coordinated movement. Extensions of cytoskeleton. Creates current for movement of fluids and particulate matter

Answer 5

cilia

Question 6

motil, used for transportation. 1:1 cell to projection

Answer 6

flagella

Question 7

Simple Epithelia

Answer 7

one layer, easy for things to pass through

Question 8

Stratified

Answer 8

more than one layer

Question 9

Pseudostratified

Answer 9

Appears to have more than one layer but all cells contact basal lamina

Question 10

Squamous

Answer 10

flat

Question 11

Cuboidal

Answer 11

Square

Question 12

Columnar

Answer 12

Rectangular

Question 13

Zona Occludens

Answer 13

Tight Junctions, prevents membrane proteins from moving between apical and lateral domains,

Question 14

Zonula Adherens

Answer 14

Adhering junctions, contain plaques of myosin, tropoyosin and vinculin

Question 15

Macula adherens

Answer 15

desmosomes, mediated by desmogleins, cytokeratin filaments attached for shearing forces

Question 16

Gap junctions

Answer 16

Connexons, intercellular communication

Question 17

Two parts of Basement Membrane

Answer 17

Basal Lamina, Reticular Lamina

Question 18

Two parts of basal Lamina

Answer 18

Lamina lucida, Lamina densa

Question 19

Lamina Lucida is made up of….

Answer 19

extracellular glycoproteins (entactin, integrins and laminin)

Question 20

Lamina Densa is made up of…

Answer 20

collagen IV fibrils

Question 21

Reticular Lamina

Answer 21

produced by fibroblasts, made of collagen I and III

Question 22

Thick Skin

Answer 22

palmar hand, plantar foot
Sweat Glands
No Hair
epidermal ridges present
Keratinized
thick stratum corneum

Question 23

Thin Skin

Answer 23

everywhere BUT plantar foot and palmar hand
Sweat and sebaceous glands
Hair
thin stratum corneum

Question 24

5 Epidermis Layers or Strata

Answer 24

Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

Coach Larry Got Stung Baddly

Question 25

Epidermis

Answer 25

5 layers avascular keratinized stratified squamous epithelium Free nerve endings

Question 26

Stratum Basale

Answer 26

``` aka Germinatvium bound to keratinocytes by desmosomes bound to basal lamina by hemidesmosomes at dermal epidermal junction mitotically active produces keratin simple cuboidal/columnar ```

Question 27

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 27

spiny appearance - bundules of tonofilaments associated w/ desmosomes mitotically active thickens with pressure to produce corns/calluses makes keratohyalin and lamellar granules

Question 28

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 28

3-5 layers thick distinct nucleus granules present

Question 29

Keratohyalin Granules

Answer 29

Basophilic non-membrane bound granules Cystine and Histadine rich assembles keratin into bundles cholesterol sulfate = glue

Question 30

lamellar granules

Answer 30

barrierto foreign material | protects from dehydration

Question 31

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 31

no organells or nuclei THICK SKIN ONLY densly packed keratin filaments

Question 32

Stratum Corneum

Answer 32

multiple layers filled w/ mature keratin thick = 15-40 layers thin = 10-20 layers

Question 33

4 epidermis cell types

Answer 33

Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans cells, merkel cells

Question 34

Keratinocytes

Answer 34

make Keratin and Lamellar Granules final location of Melanin most abundant

Question 35

Melanocytes

Answer 35

In stratum basale (no desmosomes) | makes melanin and transfers to keratinocytes

Question 36

Melanin

Answer 36

protects cell nuclei from UV radiation Tyrosinase enzyme is UV sensitive Cytocrine secretion

Question 37

Langerhans Cells

Answer 37

``` In Stratum Spinosum mainly dendritic cells easily damaged by UV rays immunologic skin rxns Birbecks granules ```

Question 38

Merkel Cells

Answer 38

``` In Stratum Basale more numerous in thick skin free nerve endings mechanorecptors (sensation) can give rise to very bad skin cancer part of diffuse neuroendocrine system ```

Question 39

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Answer 39

simple cuboidal epithelium