Epithelial Tissues Flashcards
Basement membrane
Supporting, sheet-like structure that anchors epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue
Avascular
Little to no blood flow
Functions ET
1) Protection
2) Diffusion
3) Secretion
4) Absorption
5) Excretion
Simple squamous (description)
Single layer of flat cells
Simple squamous (function)
Diffusion/Filtration of gasses and small molecules
Simple squamous (locations)
Lining air sacs (alveoli), blood and lymphatic vessels, and lining body cavities
Simple cuboidal (description)
Single layer of cube-shaped cells
Simple cuboidal (functions)
Absorption or secretion of material into ducts or tubes
Simple cuboidal (locations)
Lining kidney tubules and nephrons, covering the ovaries, in parts of the eye and thyroid gland, and salivary glands
Simple columnar (description)
1) single layer of elongated cells
2) nuclei at the same level, near the basement membrane
3) sometimes have cilia; often have goblet cells
Simple columnar (functions)
Absorption of nutrients, secretion of mucus/enzymes
Simple columnar (locations)
Lining the intestines, the stomach, and the uterus
Stratified squamous (description)
1) many layers of cells; surface layers are flat due to cell maturation
2) can accumulate keratin
Stratified squamous (functions)
Protection against abrasion and water loss (keratin helps maintain water and moisture)
Stratified squamous (locations)
Where body is in close contact with the external environment: skin, inside the mouth, upper parts of the esophagus, vagina, and rectum
Stratified cuboidal (description)
- 2~3 layers of cube-shaped cells
- rare tissue type
Stratified cuboidal (functions)
Protection, structural reinforcement, and absorption/secretion (very limited)
Stratified cuboidal (locations)
Lines the ducts of the mammary glands, sweat glands, and salivary glands
Stratified columnar (description)
- 2~3 layers of cells; surface layer has elongated cells due to cell maturation
- rare tissue type
Stratified columnar (functions)
Secrete mucus and protect
Stratified columnar (locations)
Conjunctiva inside the eyelids, part of the pharynx, and part of the male urethra
Pseudostratified columnar (description)
- single layer of elongated cells; nuclei at different levels
- contains goblet cells and cilia (identifier)
Pseudostratified columnar (functions)
Secrete and move mucus
Pseudostratified columnar (locations)
Nasal cavities and respiratory passages
Transitional (description)
- multiple layers of irregularly shaped cells
- combines features of stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal
Transitional (functions)
Distend/Stress in response to pressure and is impermeable to urine
Transitional (locations)
Parts of the kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Glandular epithelium
Specialized cells that produce and secrete substances
Endocrine glands
Ductless and secrete their products into the blood stream (endo=into)
Exocrine glands
Have ducts and secrete their products into the surface of epithelia (exo=onto)
Merocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)
- produce a fluid product
- sweat glands and salivary glands
Goblet cell
Exocrine and unicellular gland
Apocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)
- produce a cellular product (just a portion of cells)
- mammary glands and ceruminous glands (produce earwax)
Holocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)
- secrete entire cells/layers
- sebaceous glands (oil glands)
