Epithelial Tissues

Question 1

Basement membrane

Answer 1

Supporting, sheet-like structure that anchors epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue

Question 2

Avascular

Answer 2

Little to no blood flow

Question 3

Functions ET

Answer 3

1) Protection
2) Diffusion
3) Secretion
4) Absorption
5) Excretion

Question 4

Simple squamous (description)

Answer 4

Single layer of flat cells

Question 5

Simple squamous (function)

Answer 5

Diffusion/Filtration of gasses and small molecules

Question 6

Simple squamous (locations)

Answer 6

Lining air sacs (alveoli), blood and lymphatic vessels, and lining body cavities

Question 7

Simple cuboidal (description)

Answer 7

Single layer of cube-shaped cells

Question 8

Simple cuboidal (functions)

Answer 8

Absorption or secretion of material into ducts or tubes

Question 9

Simple cuboidal (locations)

Answer 9

Lining kidney tubules and nephrons, covering the ovaries, in parts of the eye and thyroid gland, and salivary glands

Question 10

Simple columnar (description)

Answer 10

1) single layer of elongated cells
2) nuclei at the same level, near the basement membrane
3) sometimes have cilia; often have goblet cells

Question 11

Simple columnar (functions)

Answer 11

Absorption of nutrients, secretion of mucus/enzymes

Question 12

Simple columnar (locations)

Answer 12

Lining the intestines, the stomach, and the uterus

Question 13

Stratified squamous (description)

Answer 13

1) many layers of cells; surface layers are flat due to cell maturation
2) can accumulate keratin

Question 14

Stratified squamous (functions)

Answer 14

Protection against abrasion and water loss (keratin helps maintain water and moisture)

Question 15

Stratified squamous (locations)

Answer 15

Where body is in close contact with the external environment: skin, inside the mouth, upper parts of the esophagus, vagina, and rectum

Question 16

Stratified cuboidal (description)

Answer 16

• 2~3 layers of cube-shaped cells
• rare tissue type

Question 17

Stratified cuboidal (functions)

Answer 17

Protection, structural reinforcement, and absorption/secretion (very limited)

Question 18

Stratified cuboidal (locations)

Answer 18

Lines the ducts of the mammary glands, sweat glands, and salivary glands

Question 19

Stratified columnar (description)

Answer 19

• 2~3 layers of cells; surface layer has elongated cells due to cell maturation
• rare tissue type

Question 20

Stratified columnar (functions)

Answer 20

Secrete mucus and protect

Question 21

Stratified columnar (locations)

Answer 21

Conjunctiva inside the eyelids, part of the pharynx, and part of the male urethra

Question 22

Pseudostratified columnar (description)

Answer 22

• single layer of elongated cells; nuclei at different levels
• contains goblet cells and cilia (identifier)

Question 23

Pseudostratified columnar (functions)

Answer 23

Secrete and move mucus

Question 24

Pseudostratified columnar (locations)

Answer 24

Nasal cavities and respiratory passages

Question 25

Transitional (description)

Answer 25

• multiple layers of irregularly shaped cells
• combines features of stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal

Question 26

Transitional (functions)

Answer 26

Distend/Stress in response to pressure and is impermeable to urine

Question 27

Transitional (locations)

Answer 27

Parts of the kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Question 28

Glandular epithelium

Answer 28

Specialized cells that produce and secrete substances

Question 29

Endocrine glands

Answer 29

Ductless and secrete their products into the blood stream (endo=into)

Question 30

Exocrine glands

Answer 30

Have ducts and secrete their products into the surface of epithelia (exo=onto)

Question 31

Merocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)

Answer 31

• produce a fluid product
• sweat glands and salivary glands

Question 32

Goblet cell

Answer 32

Exocrine and unicellular gland

Question 33

Apocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)

Answer 33

• produce a cellular product (just a portion of cells)
• mammary glands and ceruminous glands (produce earwax)

Question 34

Holocrine glands (exocrine, multicellular)

Answer 34

• secrete entire cells/layers
• sebaceous glands (oil glands)