Connective Tissues

Question 1

Matrix

Answer 1

area between cells

Question 2

General Functions CT

Answer 2

holds and connects the body/systems together

Question 3

Specific Functions CT

Answer 3

1) binds structures together
2) provides support and protection
3) provides a framework for other structures
4) fills spaces
5) produces blood cells
6) carries nutrients
7) protects against infection
8) helps repair tissue damage

Question 4

Types of Fibers

Answer 4

1) collagenous
2) reticular
3) elastic

Question 5

Collagenous fibers (description)

Answer 5

1) most common
2) long, unbranched, thick protein fibers (like rope)

Question 6

Collagenous fibers (locations)

Answer 6

form ligaments (bone to bone) and tendons (bone to muscle)

Question 7

Reticular fibers (description)

Answer 7

thin, branched fibers (woven into tough, flexible mesh)

Question 8

Reticular fibers (functions)

Answer 8

1) can resist stretching/forces from many directions
2) reinforce cells and blood vessels

Question 9

Collagenous fibers (functions)

Answer 9

flexible but incredibly strong (when pulled end to end)

Question 10

Reticular fibers (locations)

Answer 10

structure of cells and blood vessels

Question 11

Elastic fibers (description)

Answer 11

thin, branched, wavy fibers made of elastin protein

Question 12

Elastic fibers (functions)

Answer 12

able to stretch and recoil

Question 13

Types of Connective Tissues

Answer 13

1) Proper
2) Specialized

Question 14

Areolar Proper CT (description)

Answer 14

1) many fibroblasts
2) fluid to gel-like matrix
3) collagenous and elastic fibers
4) contains blood vessels that provide nutrients for adjoining epithelial tissue (easier to heal)

Question 15

Areolar Proper CT (functions)

Answer 15

1) binds skin to underlying structures
2) wraps organs
3) role in immune system

Question 16

Areolar Proper CT (locations)

Answer 16

1) beneath epithelia
2) between muscles

Question 17

Adipose Proper CT (description)

Answer 17

1) Nuclei are close to cell membrane (gives the appearance of lumen, identified by position of nuclei)
2) cells are called ADIPOCYTES

Question 18

Adipose Proper CT (functions)

Answer 18

1) cushions
2) insulates
3) stores fat/energy

Question 19

Adipose Proper CT (locations)

Answer 19

1) beneath skin
2) behind eyeballs
3) around organs

Question 20

Reticular Proper CT (description)

Answer 20

1) contains many reticular fibers
2) uses darker maroon stain
3) has a appearance of dark spots and squiggly lines

Question 21

Reticular Proper CT (functions)

Answer 21

supports walls of internal organs

Question 22

Reticular Proper CT (locations)

Answer 22

found in…
1) spleen
2) liver
3) lymphatic organs

Question 23

Dense Regular Proper CT (description)

Answer 23

1) tightly packed collagenous fibers and some elastic fibers
2) contains some fibroblasts
3) poor blood supply (picks up nutrients as it diffuses from surrounding tissues, slow to heal)

Question 24

Dense Regular Proper CT (functions)

Answer 24

binds body parts together

Question 25

Dense Regular Proper CT (locations)

Answer 25

makes up tendons and ligaments

Question 26

Dense Irregular Proper CT (locations)

Answer 26

found in the dermis (deep layer of the skin)

Question 27

Elastic Proper CT (description)

Answer 27

contains many elastic fibers and some collagenous fibers

Question 28

Elastic Proper CT (functions)

Answer 28

allows stretch and recoil

Question 29

Elastic Proper CT (locations)

Answer 29

found in organs that expand…
1) walls of large arteries
2) airways/lungs
3) heart
4) between some bones

Question 30

Cartilage Specialized CT (description)

Answer 30

1) rigid matrix with poor blood supply (nutrients must diffuse through matrix, slow to heal)
2) live in lacunae
3) cells are called CHONDROCYTES

Question 31

Types of Cartilage Specialized CT

Answer 31

1) hyaline
2) elastic
3) fibrocartilage

Question 32

Hyaline Cartilage (description)

Answer 32

1) most common
2) looks like eyeballs or fried eggs

Question 33

Hyaline Cartilage (functions)

Answer 33

1) reduces friction between bone ends
2) provides structure for nose and respiratory passages
3) embryonic skeleton “blueprint”

Question 34

Hyaline Cartilage (locations)

Answer 34

1) between ends of bones
2) nose and respiratory passages
3) embryonic skeleton

Question 35

Elastic Cartilage (description)

Answer 35

1) elastic fibers in matrix around lacunae (flexible structure)
2) ‘sketchy’ look due to elastic fibers

Question 36

Elastic Cartilage (functions)

Answer 36

provides…
1) support
2) elasticity

Question 37

Elastic Cartilage (locations)

Answer 37

1) auricle/pinna of ear
2) larynx (voice box)

Question 38

Fibrocartilage (description)

Answer 38

very tough with bundles of collagenous fibers in matrix

Question 39

Fibrocartilage (functions)

Answer 39

provides shock absorption

Question 40

Fibrocartilage (locations)

Answer 40

found in…
1) knee and jaw joints
2) pelvic girdle
3) intervertebral discs

Question 41

Osseous Specialized CT (description)

Answer 41

1) solid matrix of calcium and phosphorous
2) cells are called OSTEOCYTES
3) has appearance of tree rings
4) contains blood vessels (central and perforating canals)

Question 42

Osseous Specialized CT (functions)

Answer 42

1) supports and protects organs
2) produces blood cells
3) provides attachment site for muscles

Question 43

Osseous Specialized CT (locations)

Answer 43

found in bones/skeletal system

Question 44

Lacunae

Answer 44

provides home for cells while keeping them alive and functional

Question 45

Blood Specialized CT (description)

Answer 45

1) fluid matrix called plasma
2) contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Question 46

Blood Specialized CT (functions)

Answer 46

1) transports nutrients/waste
2) defends against infection
3) involved in blood clotting

Question 47

Blood Specialized CT (locations)

Answer 47

throughout body in blood vessels and in heart