Epithelial Tissue & Connective Tissue Flashcards
4 main types of tissue
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
Name some examples of epithelial tumours
Adenoma
Carcinoma
Characteristics of epithelial tissue
- Layers of closely adhering cells
- Little ECM
- upper surface exposed to environment or new phase
- quick division in cells - rapid healing
- Avascular
- thin layer or collagen
What are the functions of epithelial tissue
Covering (lining) and protection Absorption Transport Sensory: nose, ears, taste buds Secretion - glands
How are epithelial tissues classified
Number of cell layers Shape of cells Surface specialisations (ciliated) Glass Plane of sectioning
What are the 2 types of epithelia
Stratified and simple
What are the 3 types of simple epithelia
Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Characteristics of simple squamous tissue
Thinnest
Passive transport of gas and fluid
- in alveoli, capillaries and glomeruli
Characteristics of simple cuboidal epithelial cells
Excretory, secretory or absorptive
- salivary glands, pancreas
Characteristics of Simple Columnar epithelial tissue
Highly absorptive or secretory surfaces - gall bladder, SI, Fallopian tubes Have cilia and Goblet cells - cilia increase SA for absorption and transport - Goblet cells produce mucus
What is the difference in function of Simple epithelia as opposed to Stratified Epithelia
Simple is a singable layer of cells for absorption and stratified is two or more layers for protection
Characteristics of Stratified epithelial cells
Dead cells at apical surface
Moderate abrasion
-wet surfaces
What are the 3 types of Stratified Epithelia
Stratified Squamous
Stratified Squamous Keratinised
Transitional Squamous Epithelia
Characteristics of Stratified squamous keratinised
Dead cells at surface filled with keratin. No nucleus or organelles, makes our skin waterproof
Name some malignancies of connective tissue
Osteosarcoma
Lipoma
Osteoma
Osteosarcoma
What are the cellular constituents of connective tissue
Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Mast cells
Macrophages
What are the 3 classes of connective tissue
Proper
Support (scaffold)
Fluid
Name the fluid types of connective tissue
Blood and Lymph
Name the support (scaffold) connective tissue
Cartilage and bone
Name the 2 types of Proper connective tissue
Loose and dense
Name the 3 types of loose proper connective tissue
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular (reticulum allows for extensibility)
Name the 3 types of dense proper connective tissue
Regular
Irregular
Elastic
What is the function of connective tissue
Metabolic and physical support
Supporting framework
Mediate exchange of metabolites and nutrients
Storage
What are the two types of (adipose) fat
White and brown (mainly in newborns)
Characteristics of Areolar (loose connective) tissue
Vascularised
Function: binding web, physical and metabolic support
Umbilical coed
- Wharton’s jelly matrix - soft support
Characteristics of Adipose (loose connective) tissue
White and brown
Function: energy, insulation, cushioning
Characteristics of Reticular (loose connective) tissue
Function: soft skeleton
Reticular fibres: Col III
Liver, kidney, spleen
Characteristics of irregular (dense connective) tissue
Skin, leather
Characteristics of regular (dense connective tissue)
Ligament: bone - bone
Tendon: muscle - bone
Where can you find elastic (dense connective) tissue
Ear, aorta
True or false: all connective tissue is derived from mesenchymal stem cells
True
