Epithelial Tissue and the Integument

Question 1

How many types of epithelial tissue is there?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

What are the main functions of epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

• Selective barrier
• Secretory surface
• Protective surface
• Provides sensation

Question 3

List the characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

• Tightly bound cells
• Display polarity
• Attach to a basement membrane
• Are avascular
• Conduct regeneration

Question 4

List the classifications of epithelial cell shapes

Answer 4

• Squamous (flat)
• Cuboidal (cube)
• Columnar (elongated)

Question 5

List characteristics of squamous epithelia

Answer 5

• Thin and fat

Question 6

List characteristics of cuboidal epithelia

Answer 6

• Are fragile and permits secretion and aborption

- Found in the kidneys

Question 7

List characteristics of columnar epithelia

Answer 7

• Nuclei are close to basal lamina

- Are found in uterine tube and small intestines

Question 8

What two main components is the integumentary system made up of?

Answer 8

• Cutaneous membrane (skin)

- Accessory structures (hair, nails, glands)

Question 9

What kind of epithelium is the epidermis made up of?

Answer 9

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Question 10

List the cells that make up the epidermis

Answer 10

• Keratinocytes (90% of epidermis)
• Melanocytes (8% of epidermis) (Produce the pigment melanin)
• Intraepidermal macrophages (Immune cells)
• Tactile Epithelial Cells (sensory cells)

Question 11

List the epidermal layers

Answer 11

• Stratum basale (base layer)
• Stratum spinosum (prickly layer)
• Stratum granulosum (granular layer)
• Stratum lucidum (clear layer)
• Stratum corneum (horny layer)

Question 12

The dermis is divided into which two layers?

Answer 12

• Papillary layer (loose connective tissue)

- Reticular layer (dense connective tissue)

Question 13

What is the function of collagen fibres in the dermis?

Answer 13

They are strong and resist stretching

Question 14

What is the function of elastic fibres in the dermis?

Answer 14

They allow stretching but recoil

Question 15

What causes silvery scar tissue known as a stretch mark?

Answer 15

A breach in collagen fibre bonding due to over- stretching

Question 16

What epidermal pigments affect skin colour?

Answer 16

• Carotene

- Melanin

Question 17

What is the role of melanin?

Answer 17

Protects cells from UV radiation by gathering melanosomes around the nucleus helping to protect DNA

Question 18

List the classifications of epithelial cell layers

Answer 18

• Simple (single layer)
• Pseudostratified
• Stratified (several layers)

Question 19

There are two types of gland cells, what are they?

Answer 19

• Exocrine gland cells

- Endocrine gland cells

Question 20

What is the role of exocrine gland cells?

Answer 20

• Release of secretions onto surface of cell

Question 21

What is the role of endocrine gland cells?

Answer 21

• Release of secretions into interstitial fluid that enter the bloodstream

Question 22

The classification of epithelial cells is based on what?

Answer 22

Cell shape and the number of cell layers

Question 23

The cutaneous membrane is made up of what components?

Answer 23

• Epidermis

- Dermis

Question 24

What components make up the accessory structures?

Answer 24

• Hair
• Nails
• Exocrine glands