Epithelial Tissie Flashcards
Free surface
The top of the epithelial cell that is open to it’s surroundings.
Basal surface
The underside of the epithelial cells.
Basement membrane
The glue-like substance the epithelial cells secrete that attach the basal surface to the tissue below.
Is the basement membrane vascular or avascular?
It is avascular. There are no blood vessels, so the tissue below must diffuse oxygen and nutrients across the basement membrane and into the cells.
Do epithelial cells die fast or slow
Fast. At a rapid rate.
What is epithelial tissue with only one layer?
Simple epithelium
What is epithelial tissue with multiple layers called?
Stratified epithelium.
What are flat epithelial cells described as?
Squamous epithelium
What are cube shaped epithelial tissues called?
Cuboidal epithelium
What are column shaped epithelial tissues called?
Columnar epithelium.
What does simple squamous epithelium do and where is it found.
It completes no complex tasks, but it offers a minimal barrier and it’s function is to allow for diffusion of oxygen and nutrients.
- lines blood vessels
- found in tiny air sacs in our lungs
What does simple cuboidal epithelium do and where is it found?
Simple cuboidal epithelium can allow for diffusion but also absorption and secretion. It is found in the kidneys and salivary glands.
What is simple columnar epithelium and where is it found?
The tissue can perform more complex secretion and absorption tasks. This tissue has goblet cells that produce mucus. Found in the lining of your stomach and intestines.
Describe stratified squamous epithelium
Tissue that has a layers of cells. the closest to the free surface are squamous while deeper cells are cuboidal ( basal cells). This tissue is the upper layers of your skin.
What is a keratinized membrane
Dead cells on the free surface that contain a waterproofing protein called keratin.
What is an example of stratified squamous epithelial tissue that does not form keratinized tissue and is alive at the top and where is it found.
Moist stratified squamous epithelium is alive because the surface cells are covered with mucus. Is found in the mouth.
What is stratified transitional epithelium?
Epithelial tissue that is changeable. it is multi-layered and stretches. Is found in the urinary bladder.
What is pseudostratified epithelium
Pseudostratified means falsely layered. Not all the cells are the same length some touch the basement layers while others don’t. It has goblet cells and often has cilia. Found in nasal passages, the air sinuses of the skull, and in the airways of the lungs. Helps keep lungs clean by trapping particles and moving them out
What are exocrine glands
Friends that secrete substances outward through a duct
What are endocrine glands
Ductless glands at secrete hormones into the bloodstream
What are merocrine glands
Exocrine glands that secrete without losing cellular material
What are apocrine glands
Exocrine things that have cytoplasm in their secretions
What are holocrine glands
Exocrine glands that have secretions made up of the centigrated cells
What do endocrine glands do in the pancreas?
They secrete insulin into the bloodstream to control glucose levels in the blood. They do so through capillaries since there are no ducts.
What do exocrine glands do in the pancreas
They secrete enzymes via ducks into the small intestine for digestion.
