Epithelial glands (exam 1) Flashcards
What is meant by unicellular glands
Secretory cells may remain incorporated within the epithelial layer
What is meant by multicellular glands
May grow into the underlying connective tissue
if the epithelial down growth degenerates then what type of secretory gland is developed
Endocrine gland
Pituitary, thyroid, pineal, parathyroid, adrenal, gonads are examples of what kind of gland
Endocrine glands
What do endocrine glands secrete there product into
surrounding blood vessels
what do all exocrine glands have in common
They have a duct connecting it to the surface
What do all endocrine glands have in common
They do not have ducts
what is usually secreted in an endocrine duct
hormones
Paracrine
secretion affects neighboring cells example: growth factors
Autocrine
Secretion affects the cell that released the secretory product. example: IL-2 secreted by T-cells
examples of unicellular glands
goblet cells of the intestine and trachea (exocrine) mucous cells of the stomach (exocrine) enteroendocrine cells (endocrine)
A duct is a sign of what
it is exocrine and multicellular
what kind of glands do not exhibit ductal branching
simple multicellular glands
What kind of glands do have ductal branching
Compound multicellular glands
example of straight tubular gland
crypts of Lieberkuhn in large intestine
example of coiled tubular gland
sweat glands of skin
Example of branched tubular gland
Fundic, pyloric, and cardiac glands of stomach
Example of Alveolar (Acinar)
Meibomian glands of eyelid Sebaceous glands of skin
Tubuloalveolar (-acinar)
Salivary glands, brunner’s glands of duodenum, and mucous glands of esophagus
Glands of the oral cavity are an example of what kind of excretory
Branched tubular glands
Exocrine glands of the pancreas are an example of what kind of excretory duct
branched acinar/alveolar gland
The mammary gland is an example of what kind of secretory duct
branched tubuloacinar gland
what is a serous demilune
commonly found in Acinus mostly mucous capped by a half-moon shaped group of serous cells
where can mixed glands be found
Submandibular and sublingual
List the mechanisms of secretion from thinnest product to thickest
merocrine (eccrine), Apocrine, holocrine
Merocrine (eccrine)
secretory product is typically stored in membrane-bound vesicles, and cytoplasm/cell membrane is retrieved in an exocytosis/endocytosis cycle Cell is not damaged in this type of secretion
Apocrine
apical cytoplasm is released along with secretory product example: axillary sweat glands Part of the cell is damaged
Holocrine
Entire cell is released as part of secretory product example: sebaceous gland Entire cell is lost
Submandibular gland
Both serous and mucous cells serous cells form serous delimit capping mucous acini myoepithelial cells surround acini
Sublingual gland
Mucous acini (pale in appearance) (PAS+) flattened nuclei at basal poles of cells myoepithelial cells surround acini
Parotid gland
Serous Acini Apical regions contain zymogen granules RER predominates in basal regions of secretory cells - this makes sense because zymogen granules are protein containing granules
What is this slide
What is this slide
Parotid Gland
What is this slide
Sublingual Gland 100x
What is this slide
Sebaceous gland
