Connective Tissue (Exam 1) Flashcards
CT is found everywhere except
The CNS
Characteristics of CT
relatively few cells
abundant Matrix
Contains very amounts of protein fibers
How is CT typically classified
Type of matrix, fiber density, and fiber organization
Functions of CT
physically supports other tissues
binds other tissues together
provides structural framework and opposes gravity
helps create body contours
Houses specialized tissues: Hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
What is wharton’s jelly
embryonic CT in the umbilical cord
Name the types of adult CT
loose, dense, reticular, and elastic
Where is embryonic CT found
umbilical cord and in the pulp of developing teeth
composed of some collagen and elastic fibers but mostly an abundance of ECM
Loose adult CT
high ratio of fibroblasts to fibrous components
Type I collagen fibers and elastic fibers
Usually found beneath epithelial tissues of most organs, including the tunica adventitia of blood vessels
contains fibroblasts, mast cells, and macrophages, and capillaries
what type of collagen makes up loose adult CT
Type I collagen
Where is loose adult CT found
usually found beneath epithelial tissues of most organs, including the tunica adventitia of blood vessels
what is in loose CT
fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and capillaries
Dense regular adult CT
high ratio of fibrous components to fibroblasts
thicker bundles of collagen than in loose CT
highly ordered bundles of collagen separated by single rows of fibroblasts
found in tendons and ligaments
Adult dense irregular CT
High ratio of fibrous components to fibroblasts
thicker bundles of collagen than in loose CT
Has no specific orientation of collagen bundles
found in fascia, submucosa of GI tract, and in dermis of integument
Reticular Adult CT
A type of dense irregular CT with a predominance of reticular fibers
associated primarily with the lymphatic tissue
which tissues is Reticular CT most primarily associated
The lymphatic tissue
Elastic CT
a type of dense irregular CT with an abundance of elastic fibers which form discontinuous lamellae
associated with walls of blood vessels
Where is elastic CT often found
in the walls of blood vessels
What cells produce the elastic fibers in the walls of blood vessels
Smooth muscle cells rather than fibroblasts
What are adipocytes derived form
undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and are distinguished by their unique appearance
How large i the typical Adipocyte
150 micrometers
what type of fat is unilocular
White fat
what type of fat is multilocular
Brown fat
What is meant by fat being multilocular
it is composed of numerous smaller lipid droplets
Which of the tow types of fat cells has slightly more cytoplasm
Brown fat
Which type of fat cells have abundant mitochondria
brown fat
what ives brown fat the brown coloration
an abundance of mitochondria
what are the two most common cells in CT Matrix
fibrocytes and fibroblasts
what does the connective tissue matrix consist of
Protein fibers and ground substance
What are the most abundant fibers of the connective tissue matrix
Collagen fibers
what are the fiber types present in the connective tissue matrix
collagen (most common), reticular, and elastic fibers
What is the ground substance of the cellular matrix composed of
Glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins
Location and function of Type I collagen fibers
General CT and bone
fxn Tensile strength
Location and function of Type II collagen fibers
Hyaline and elastic cartilage
fxn: Tensile strength
Location and function of Type III collagen fibers
Parenchyma of organs and walls of blood vessels
fxn: Reticular framework
Location and function of Type V collagen fibers
Basal lamina
fxn: Meshwork, scaffolding, unknown
Location and function of Type IV collagen fibers
Basement membranes
fxn: meshwork, scaffolding
Location and function of Type VI collagen fibers
Ubiquitous
fxn: unknown
Location and function of Type VII collagen fibers
Basement membrane of skin and amnion
fxn: anchoring fibers
Location and function of Type VIII collagen fibers
Endothelium
fxn: unknown
Location and function of Type IX-XII collagen fibers
Cartilage
fxn: unknown
The cleaving of the non-helical terminal ends of pro-collagen converting it int tropocollagen occurs where
Immediately after secretion
what are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Large, negatively charged linear polymers (polysaccharides) consisting of repeated disaccharide units
What is the charge of the ECM
negative
along with _______ , GAGs form most of the amorphous substances of CT
Glycoproteins
What are the 4 general groups tha GAGs fall into
Hyaluronic acid
Heparin and Heparin sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate
Keratan sulfate
Which GAGs are not covalently linked to protein to form proteoglycans
Hyaluronic acid
