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Y2 - GI > Epithelia Of Gut > Flashcards

Epithelia Of Gut Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of epithelia cells in the gut?

A

Stratified squamous non keratinised epithelium

Simple columnar

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2
Q

Where are stratified squamous epithelia found and why?

A

Oesophagus and distal anus

Since they resist mechanical and chemical stress which is good for protection

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3
Q

Where are simple columnar cells located?

A

Stomach

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4
Q

What is the function of the simple columnar epithelia in the stomach?

A

Made of surface mucus cell making mucin

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5
Q

What is the function of simple columnar cells in the GI tract?

A

Have different specialisations

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6
Q

What are Gastric pits in the epithelium?

A

The are mucus cells that have broken downwards

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7
Q

What are gastric pits and what do they connect to?

A

They connect to gastric glands located in the lamina propria

The surface mucus cells in the gastric pits transition from surface mucus cells to smaller neck mucus cells

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8
Q

What is the function of mucus producing cells in the stomach?

A

Protect against acidic environment

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9
Q

What is the predominant cell in the small intestine?

A

Enterocyte

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10
Q

What are the permanent folds called in the small intestine?

A

Plica circularis

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11
Q

How is surface area maximised in the small intestine?

A

Permanent folds called plicae circulares

Villi and Microvili

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12
Q

What cells are found between enterocytes that produce mucin?

A

Goblet cells

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13
Q

How does the number of goblet cells change between enterocytes as you move from duodenum to colon?

A

They increase

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14
Q

What does mucus do for epithelia?

A

Protects from friction, chemical damage (acid) and bacterial inflammation

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15
Q

What 3 types of cells are found between the crypts in the small intestine?

A

Enteroendocrine cells
Stem cells
Paneth cells

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16
Q

What are paneth cells?

A

Cells at base of crypts producing antibacterial proteins

17
Q

What are the glands called in the proximal duodenum?

A

Brunner’s gland

18
Q

What is the role of Brunners gland in the proximal duodenum?

A

Makes alkaline mucoid material to neutralise acidic chyme

19
Q

What cells absorb nutrients to then pass into blood or lymph networks in the gut?

A

Enterocytes

20
Q

How are coloncytes adapted for fluid transport and water absorption?

A

Have sodium potassium ATPases

21
Q

What is the main type of cell in the colon?

A

Tall columnar epithelia called colonocytes

22
Q

Why does the colon have large goblet cells/

A

To make lots of mucus to support the micro biome in the large intestine

23
Q

Does the colon have villi and digestive enzymes?

A

No

24
Q

What is the role of the colon?

A

Extract water against a concentration gradient

Y2 - GI (35 decks)

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