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5. Addictions psychiatry > Epidemiology of substance use > Flashcards

Epidemiology of substance use Flashcards

1
Q

Percentage of men in the UK general population who drank alcohol in the last week

A

67%

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2
Q

Percentage of women in the UK general population who drank alcohol in the last week

A

53%

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3
Q

Percentage of men in the UK general population who drank alcohol above recommended limits in the last week

A

24%

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4
Q

Percentage of women in the UK general population who drank alcohol above recommended limits in the last week

A

18%

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5
Q

Percentage of 11-15 year olds in the UK who have drank alcohol at least once

A

43%

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6
Q

Percentage of patients who present to primary care who drink alcohol at harmful or hazardous levels

A

20%

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7
Q

Annual prevalence of hazardous drinking among UK men

A

38%

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8
Q

Annual prevalence of hazardous drinking among UK women

A

15%

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9
Q

Annual prevalence of hazardous drinking among UK white adults

A

27%

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10
Q

Annual prevalence of hazardous drinking among UK black adults

A

18%

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11
Q

Annual prevalence of hazardous drinking among UK South Asian adults

A

8%

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12
Q

Peak age for hazardous drinking among women

A

16-19

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13
Q

Peak age for hazardous drinking for men

A

20-24

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14
Q

Prevalence of alcohol dependence per 1000 people in the UK

A

74

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15
Q

Prevalence of alcohol dependence per 1000 men in the UK

A

119

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16
Q

29Prevalence of alcohol dependence per 1000 women in the UK

A

29

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17
Q

Percentage of pregnant women in the UK who drank in the last week

A

10%

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18
Q

Percentage of UK adults age 16-59 who took an illicit drug in the last year

A

8.3%

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19
Q

Percentage of UK young adults age 16-24 who took an illicit drug in the last year

A

16.3%

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20
Q

Percentage of UK adults age 16-59 who took a class A illicit drug in the last year

A

2.6%

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21
Q

Percentage of drug users who use multiple drugs (not including alcohol)

A

7%

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22
Q

Prevalence of heroin use in the UK

A

1%

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23
Q

Percentage of UK general population aged 16-29 who have tried amphetamines at least once

A

22%

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24
Q

Mechanism of action of amphetamines

A

Blocks catecholamine reuptake
Stimulates catecholamine release from vesicles

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25
Withdrawal symptoms of opioids
Dysphoric mood Nausea/vomiting/diarrhoea Muscle aches Lacrimation Pupillary dilation Piloerection Yawning Insomnia Fever
26
Isomers and their effects of MDMA
R(-) produces LSD like effects S(+) produces amphetamine like effects
27
Plant which khat is taken from
Catha edulis
28
Plant which cocaine is derived from
Erythroxylon coca
29
Adverse physical effects of cocaine use
Nasal perforation from snorting Cerebral infarction Cerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage TIAs Seizures MI Arrythmia
30
Half life of caffeine
3-10 hours
31
Mechanisms of action of caffeine
Antagonist to adenosine receptors Increases intraneuronal cAMP In naïve individuals can reduce GABAergic activity
32
Caffeine dose which produces anxiety and nervousness
300-800mg
33
Most common magic mushroom
Liberty cap (psilocybe semilanceata)
34
Nickname for phencyclidine
Angel dust
35
Percentage of patients taking benzodiazepines for a year who develop dependence
40%
36
Average weight of heroin used in a day by a dependent user
0.25-2g
37
Average purity of street heroin
25-50% purity by volume
38
Cost of heroin per gram
£50-100
39
Drug which is nicknamed ice
Methamphetamine
40
Drug which is nicknamed crystal
Methamphetamine
41
Most commonly used illicit opioid in Europe
Heroin
42
Drug which is nicknamed speed
Amphetamine
43
Drug which is nicknamed whizz
Amphetamine
44
Drugs which are nicknamed dope
Cannabis Heroin
45
Drug which is nicknamed grass/green
Cannabis
46
Drug which is nicknamed hash
Cannabis
47
Drug which is nicknamed reefer
Cannabis
48
Drug which is nicknamed charlie
Cocaine
49
Drug which is nicknamed white
Cocaine
50
Drug which is nicknamed snow
Cocaine
51
Drug which is nicknamed brown sugar
Heroin
52
Drug which is nicknamed skunk
Heroin
53
Drug which is nicknamed China white
Heroin
54
Drug which is nicknamed smack
Heroin
55
Drug which is nicknamed vitamin K
Ketamine
56
Drug which is nicknamed yellow/California sunshine
LSD
57
Drug which is nicknamed crank
Methamphetamine
58
Drug which is nicknamed molly
Ecstasy/MDMA
59
Drug which is nicknamed moon rocks
Ecstasy/MDMA
60
Drug which is nicknamed angel dust
PCP
61
Age group most likely to use inhalants
12-17
62
The concept that prior heavy drinkers can build up their alcohol intake quickly if they start drinking again
Reinstatement
63
Factors associated with diminished or reverse tolerance
Idiosyncratic Older patients with brain damage Liver disease When drinking alcohol after a period of abstinence
64
Percentage of patients with schizophrenia who use nicotine
70-80%
65
Type of drug use where use is limited to certain environments e.g. parties
Situational use
66
Type of drug use where use is in order to explore the effects of the drug
Experimental use
67
Type of drug use where use is motivated by desire to avoid withdrawal
Dependent use
68
Type of drug use where use is regular but there is no dependence
Recreational use
69
Drug which is nicknamed jellies
Temazepam
70
Drug which is nicknamed acid
LSD
71
Drugs within the stimulant class
Amphetamines Cocaine MDMA
72
Drugs within the depressant class
Alcohol Benzodiazepines Barbiturates GHB
73
Drugs within the hallucinogenic class
LSD PCP Mushrooms Ketamine
74
Peak age for binge drinking in the UK
16-24
75
Most effective way, according to NICE, of reducing alcohol related harm on a population level
Making alcohol less affordable
76
Most commonly used illicit drug
Cannabis

5. Addictions psychiatry (10 decks)

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