Epidemiology

Question 1

Prevalence

Answer 1

Proportion of a defined population that has the health outcome.
It is a proportion
= Prevalent cases/ total study population (who couid have the health outcome)
Specify the time period

Question 2

Risk

Answer 2

Measures the number of new cases of the health outcome that develop among people in the population at risk, over a specified time period.
=Incident cases/total at risk individuals.
probability that a health outcome will occur
Proportion.
closed study population.

Question 3

Rate

Answer 3

Measures the ocurrence of new cases of health outcome in a population.
Not a proportion- denominator not fixed
= incident cases / person time

Question 4

Person time

Answer 4

The sum of time that each person remains at risk for the health outcome and under study observation

Question 5

Odds ratio

Answer 5

A measure of the odds of an individual developing a disease on exposure to a risk factor.
compares the odds of a disease occurring in those exposed

Question 6

Odds

Answer 6

ratio of the probability that an event will occur, to the probability that the event will not occur
p/(1-p)

Question 7

Blinding

Answer 7

technique used in experimental studies to conceal certain information from different people involved with an experimental study.

Question 8

Equipoise

Answer 8

genuine uncertainty about the benefits or harms of treatments or exposure

Question 9

intention to treat analysis

Answer 9

when subjects ara analyzed according to their treatment