Enzynes In Biotecnology Flashcards
What enzyme acts as a detergent to break down protein stains
Proteases
What enzyme breaks down starches in food
Amylase
What enzyme is used in biodiesel production
Lipases
What enzyme was first discovered and in what year?
diastase (amylase) in 1833
Who demonstrated that enzymes could operate outside of the call
Eduard Buchner’s in 1897
What do protease enzymes do?
Catalyze the breakdown of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleaving peptide bonds
Proteases are used in food processing to?
Coagulated milk during cheese production
Which enzyme function in tenderizing meat
Proteases
What makes lipases valuable for lipid processing?
Their ability to catalyze the breakdown of fats into fatty acid and glycerol
Lipases enhances flavor by breaking down the flavors what?
Fat molecules
Lipases function in biofuel production through what process?
Transesterification
Lipases function in biofuel production through what process?
Transaction
Transesterification is an environmentally friendly alternative to what?
Fossils fuel
Which enzyme breakdown starch into simpler sugars
Amylase
What enzyme functions in the production of alcohol
Amylase
Alcohol is produced from?
Fermentanle sugar
What agents are removed from textile before treatment and what removes it?
Starch-based sizing agents
By
Amylase
Amylase modifies starch paper industry in order to ____
Improve paper quality
What enzyme is an active in baking
Amylase
What does cellulases enzyme do?
Breaks down cellulose into glucose
What is the primary component of plant cell wall
Cellulose
How does cellulases improve cotton fabrics and remove frizz
By biopolishing
_______ and ________ are involved in biofuel production
Lipases and cellulases
What is the role of cellulases in feed processing
enhance the digestibility of plant material, improving nutrient availability for livestock.
Examples of industrial enzymes
Proteases
Lipases
Amylases
Cellulases
Pectinases
Lactases
Which enzyme functions in fruit juice production by breaking down pectin
Pectinases
What enzyme serves to compensate for lactose intolerance
Lactases
How does lactases compensate for lactose intolerance
Breaking down lactose into lactose-free products
Enzymes can be extracted from natural sources like
Plants
Animals
Microbial cells
Cell disruption in extraction occurs by
Sonication and homogenization
Methods of enzyme purification
Dialysis,
Chromatography
electrophoresis
Microbial productionb by of enzymes involves
Fermentation
Downstream
_____ involves the separation, extraction and purification of cells
Downstream regulation
Fermentation in the production of enzymes is carried out in_____
Batch, field batch and continuous system
What are therapeutic enzymes
These are enzymes used to treat diseases caused by enzyme deficiencies or metabolic disorders by supplementing the body’s enzyme levels.
Give an example of enzymes replacement therapy
Lysosomal storage disease (gauche disease)
Replacement = enzyme-imiglucerase
Examples of enzymes that dissolve blood clots
Streptokinase
Plasminogen activator
What enzyme studies drug metabolism
Cytochrome P450
Which enzymes breakdown organic matter in sewage to form back clean water
Lipases, cellulases and proteases
Bioremediation to degrade organic compounds like pesticides is done by______
Laccases, peroxidases and dehalogenases
Chiral intermediates enhancing drug purity is done by which enzymes
Lipases and proteases
Future trends???
Genomics
Proteomics
Synthetic biology
