Enzymes - Organisation P1 Flashcards
What are enzymes?
They are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
What are enzymes made up of?
Proteins (long chains of amino acids)
Where is amylase produced?
Mouth, small intestine and pancreas
Where is protease release?
pancreas
What reaction does amylase catalyse?
Starch -> simple sugars (glucose)
What reaction does lipase catalyse?
Fats -> glycerol and fatty acids
What reaction does protease catalyse?
Proteins -> amino acids
What is the active site?
Where the substrate goes
Is the active site a specific or random shape?
Specific
What is it called when the substrate and enzyme join?
Enzyme-substrate complex
What happens in the enzyme-substrate complex?
The enzyme breaks or builds bonds whether if it is a breakdown or synthesis enzyme
Is the enzyme changed after the reaction?
No
What 2 factors affect enzyme reactivity?
Ph and Temperature (Higher Temperature means molecules move faster)
What happens when the temperature gets too high (above 37 degrees)?
The enzyme is denatured
What does denatured mean?
When the enzyme starts to unravel and the active site’s shape starts to change so that the substrate is not able to fit - the enzyme won’t be able to function.
