Enzymes (J) Flashcards
Effects of PH
Extreme pH levels will produce denaturation
Structure of enzyme is changed
Active site is distorted and substrate molecules no longer fit
At pH valves slightly different from enzymes opt value, small changes in charges of enzymes and substrate molecules will occur
What effects enzyme activity
Temperature pH Substrate concentration Cofactors and coenzymes Enzyme inhibitors
When the initial rate of reaction is reached and it reaches saturation point when all the molecules are occupied what is the known as
Vmax
Name the 2 types of inhibitors
Competitive inhibitors
No competitive inhibitors
How does the competitive inhibitor work
They are chemicals that resemble the enzymes normal substrate and compete with it for the active site
How do non competitive inhibitors work
They do not enter the active site but bind to another part of the enzyme causing it to change shape which also alters the active site
The effects of the competitive inhibitor
Is usually temporary and the inhibitor eventually leaves the enzyme. This means that the level of inhibition depends on the relative conc of the substrate and inhibitor
Effects of the non competitive inhibitor
They are not influenced by the conc of the substrate
Irreversible inhibitors
They combine with the functional groups of the amino acids in the active site, irreversibly
Examples: nerve gases and pesticides
Reversible inhibitors
These can be washed out of the solution of enzyme by dialysis
