Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by up to three or more orders of magnitude by?
By providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy
Enzymes are usually specific to what?
One particular reaction
What is the primary structure of a protein
The primary structure of a peptide or protein is the linear sequence of its amino acid structural units
what is the secondary structure of a protein
within the long protein chains there are regions in which the chains are organised into regular structures known as alpha-helices (alpha-helixes) and beta-pleated sheets
what is the tertiary structure of a protein
The term protein tertiary structure refers to a protein’s geometric shape, the 3d monomer structure
what is the quaternary structure of a protein
quaternary structure is the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex. protein-protein polypeptide-polypeptide interactions
Give an example of a non protein enzyme
ribozymes
what is a ribozyme
A ribozyme is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction. The ribozyme catalyses specific reactions in a similar way to that of protein enzymes
list three things that ribozymes can catalyse
- formation of peptide bonds - condensation reaction in growing peptide chain (mrna translation)
- rna splicing
- trna synthesis
enzymes normally end in the suffix ase, however they can end with ‘in’ give three examples of enzymes in the lyase 4 family which end in ‘in’
trypsin, pepsin and renin
the enzyme commission recognises how many major enzyme families
six
what is the first major enzyme family
oxidoreductase enzymes
what is the second of the major enzyme families
transferase enzymes
what is the third of the major enzyme families
hydrolase enzymes
what is the fourth of the major enzyme families
lyase enzymes
