Enzymes

Question 1

Temperature on enzyme activity

Answer 1

If temperature too low there is not enough energy to make reactions occur fast enough. The optimum for most human enzymes is 37°C. Over 37°C changes the shape of the enzyme’s active site so the enzyme is now unable to bind to the substrate/ has been denatured. Therefore rate of reaction decreases/ stops.

Question 2

pH on enzyme activity

Answer 2

Optimum pH is around 7 for most enzymes in the human body however some have specific optimum pH (eg. pepsin with pH 2 to 3). pH either side of the optimum (too high or too low) changes the shape of the enzyme’s active site so the enzyme is now unable to bind to the substrate/ has been denatured and so rate of reaction decreases/ stops.

Question 3

Substrate/ enzyme concentration on enzyme activity

Answer 3

Higher concentrations of enzymes/ substrate leads to faster reactions due to more collisions until all enzymes being used.

Question 4

Enzymes

Answer 4

The enzyme and substrate have complementary shapes so the specific substrate fits into enzyme’s active site, forming an enzyme substrate complex. Enzymes break/ form chemical bonds, causing a reaction to occur. Products are made and leave the enzyme.

Question 5

Rate of reaction calculation

Answer 5

1 / time (s)