Enzyme specificity Flashcards
An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of only one substrate has
absolute specificity
example of enzymes that has absolute specificity
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases
Each must attach the correct ______ to the correct ______ molecule. If the wrong amino acid is attached to the transfer RNA, it may be mistakenly added to a ______, producing a ________ protein.
amino acid
tRNA
peptide chain
nonfunctional
An enzyme that catalyzes reactions involving similar molecules containing the same functional group has
group specificity
example of group specificity
hexokinase
Hexokinase is a group-specific enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a _____ group to the hexose sugar _____ in the first step of _____. Hexokinase can also add a phosphoryl group to several other six-carbon sugars.
phosphoryl group
glucose
glycolysis
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation or breakage of only certain bonds in a molecule has
linkage specificity
example of linkage specificity
Proteases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase
Proteases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase, are enzymes that _____________. Thus, these enzymes are linkage specific.
selectively hydrolyze peptide bonds
An enzyme that can distinguish one enantiomer from the other has
Stereochemical specificity
Most of the enzymes of the human body show
stereochemical specificity
Because we use only __-sugars and ___-amino acids, the enzymes involved in digestion and metabolism recognize only those particular stereoisomers.
D
L
