Enzyme Quiz

Question 1

substrate

Answer 1

chemical/reactants the enzyme works on, binds to active site

Question 2

active site

Answer 2

location on the enzyme where the substrate bonds

Question 3

products

Answer 3

what is produced from the reaction

Question 4

activation energy

Answer 4

energy investment needed to start a chemical reactions/ break bonds

Question 5

denature

Answer 5

to unfold a protein, makes enzyme non functional

Question 6

what denatures a protein?

Answer 6

temperature and pH

Question 7

exergonic reaction

Answer 7

• as progress goes on, amount of energy goes down
• energy released
  catabolic: breaking stuff

Question 8

endergonic

Answer 8

-as progress goes on, energy goes up
- energy required
anabolic: building things

Question 9

free energy

Answer 9

energy that can perform work

Question 10

what is ATP hydrolysis:

Answer 10

release of free energy

Question 11

what charge does an ATP tail have

Answer 11

high negative charge

Question 12

phosphorylation

Answer 12

when the phosphate leaves an ATP to go and give its energy to an enzyme

Question 13

energy coupling

Answer 13

use of exergonic processes to drive an endergonic one

Question 14

how do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

Answer 14

enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy

Question 15

cofactors

Answer 15

inorganic (w/o carbon) nonprotien helpers: zinc, iron, copper, minerals

Question 16

coenzymes

Answer 16

organic (w/ carbon) helpers ex vitamins

Question 17

competitive inhibitors

Answer 17

competes for active site, mimics the substrate

Question 18

noncompetitive (allosteric) inhibitors:

Answer 18

binfd to another part of the enzyme, altering its conformation
ex poisions, antibiotics

Question 19

induced fit

Answer 19

when the enzyme hugs the substrate (like a donut)