Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AICP Law+others > Environmental Quality > Flashcards

Environmental Quality Flashcards

1
Q

George Perkins Marsh

A

Wrote “Man & Nature” [1864]

Impact of human action on the natural environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

John Wesley Powell

A

Wrote “Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States” [1878]
Foster settlement of arid west and conserve water resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

John Muir

A

Founded Sierra Club [1892]

Preservation of natural environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Giffort Pinchot

A

Director of U.S. Forest Service [1905]

First professionally trained forester.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

William Whyte

A

Coined term and wrote about “greenways” in “The Last Landscape.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rachel Carson

A

Wrote “Silent Spring” [1962]

Harmful effects of pesticides.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

First National Wildlife Refuge

A

Pelican Island, FL

Est. by Theodore Roosevelt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

National Park Service

A

[1916] Preserve environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Metropolitan Water District of Southern California

A

[1927] Bring water from Colorado River to Colorado

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Civilian Conservation Corps

A

[1933] Provide work for youth and preserve environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority

A

Most famous experiment in river-basin planning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Taylor Grazing Act

A

[1934] Regulated use of the rage in West for conservation purposes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Natural Resource Planning Board

A

[1939] Assist in the the preparation of comprehensive plan for public works.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Grand Coulee Dam

A

[1941] Largest concrete structure - irrigation and power generation in Washington State.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First “Earth Day”

A

April 22, 1970

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Landsat

A

[1972] High-res images of the earth’s surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Large Lot Zoning

A

Used in areas without public water and sewage systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Conservation Easements

A

Separates ownership from the right to develop land. Easement held by governmental agency, nonprofit, land trust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Purchase of Development Rights (PDR)

A

Separates ownership from the right to develop land. Right to develop is purchased.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR)

A

Separates ownership from the right to develop land. Right to develop can be purchased and used to develop land in receiving area more intensely.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Development of Regional Impact (DRI)

A

Large-scale developments have regional effects beyond the local government jurisdiction. Review required in some places.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

U.S. Reclamation “Newlands” Act [1902]

A

Created fund from sale of public land in arid Western states to supply water there.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Soil Conservation Act [1935]

A

Created Natural Resources Conservation Service - erosion measures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Wilderness Act [1964]

A

Prohibited development of all forms in federally owned wilderness areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) [1969]

A

Framework for environmental protection on federal & local levels. If potential for harm, environmental assessment (EA) must be completed. If significant harm will be done, environmental impact statement (EIS) must be done. Public must be informed.

26
Q

Clean Air Act (CAA) [1970]

A

Created National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and required non-attainment areas to develop a way to achieve compliance. States have the responsibility of enforcing. Six pollutants: “NoLOCS” nitrogen oxide, lead, ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulates.

27
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [1970]

A

To enforce CAA and CWA.

28
Q

Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) [1972]

A

Administered by NOAA and created voluntary program to develop coastal management programs to meet federal standards.

29
Q

Clean Water Act (CWA) [1972]

A

Regulated water quality of lakes and rivers by using permit process (NPDES) to control point-source pollution. Set wastewater/water quality standards for surface contaminants. originally Federal Water Pollution Control Act

30
Q

National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

A

Created by CWA. Authorized states to control water pollution by regulating point-sources.

31
Q

Endangered Species Act [1973]

A

Established list. Must consult Fish & Wildlife Service to determine if planning projects will harm species.

32
Q

Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) [1974]

A

Set standards - covers above & below ground sources.

33
Q

Energy Policy Conservation Act [1975]

A

Response to the Arab oil embargo of 1973-4. Established average fuel economy standards for cars/trucks.

34
Q

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) [1976]

A

Cradle-to-grave legislation for hazardous materials. Gave EPA authority to control.

35
Q

Toxic Substances Control Act [1976]

A

Gave EPA ability to track & test industrial chemicals produced/imported.

36
Q

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation & Liability Act (CERCLA) [1980]

A

Known as the Superfund Act. Created liability for person discharging hazardous waster into the environment. Taxed polluting industries. Established clean-up requirements.

37
Q

Coastal Barrier Resources Act [1982]

A

Designates underdeveloped islands for inclusion in Coastal Barrier Resources System - ineligible for federal assistance that would support development.

38
Q

Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) [1986]

A

Reauthorized CERCLA, increased state involvement, and increased public participation.

39
Q

Community Right to Know Act [1986]

A

Required certain industries to report amount of hazardous waste they generate - provide citizens with information.

40
Q

Clean Air Act Amendments [1990]

A

Created cap and trade system for reducing emissions. EPA can withhold federal funding for cities that don’t meet the CAA standards. Limits quantity of pollutants that can be in the air.

41
Q

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) [1991]

A

Required coordination between states and metro areas for air quality standards.

42
Q

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) [1996]

A

Federal control of pesticide distribution/sale/use. Must register with EPA to sell & pass exam to apply pesticides.

43
Q

Wetlands Reserve Program [1996]

A

Under USDA - voluntary program that provides assistance to landowners to address wetland, habitat, soil, water concerns.

44
Q

Bioterrorism Act [2002]

A

Established national preparedness plan and enhanced controls on toxins. Protected food/drug safety & drinking water supply.

45
Q

Preservation v. Conservation

A

Protection v. wise use of resources.

46
Q

Polluter Pays Principle

A

UN Conference 1992 - polluter pays to remove pollution or just compensation to those affected.

47
Q

Environmental Justice

A

Improvement of environmental and economic conditions of those who bear greatest economic hardship, are exposed to poorest environmental quality, and have least political voice in our society.

48
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

Largest number that a habitat can support indefinitely OR amount of development that soils, slope, vegetation can support.

49
Q

Fragmentation

A

Acres of space are not connected and animals cannot use. Can be used to refer to governments in an area with different priorities.

50
Q

Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)

A

Max amount of pollutant a body of water can receive and still meet water quality standards.

51
Q

Rivers & Harbors Act of 1948

A

Program for eliminating or reducing pollution of interstate water. Allowed federal gov to assist in construction of water treatment plants.

52
Q

Water Quality Act of 1965

A

Established water pollution control administration.

53
Q

Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972

A

Changed enforcement to regulate pollutants being discharged from point sources.

54
Q

Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act of 1978

A

Promotes alternative energy sources, efficiency and requires competition in utility industry.

55
Q

Brownfields

A

Real property expansion/redevelopment complicated by presence of hazardous substance.

56
Q

Environmental Justice

A

Disproportionate adverse environmental/human health impacts on minority and low-income populations.

57
Q

Renewable Energy

A

Cannot be exhausted and is constantly being renewed.

58
Q

Biomass

A

Burning of organic material.

59
Q

Hydroelectric

A

Uses falling water.

60
Q

Solar

A

Uses photovoltaic panels.

61
Q

Wind

A

Can be small amount or large and contribute to grid.

62
Q

Energy Efficiency

A

Insulation rated in thermal resistance (R-value). Greater R-value = greater insulation. Minimum is 20.

AICP Law+others (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions