Environmental impacts of globalisation Flashcards
what curve measures economic development and environmental management
-kuznet curve
what does the kuznet curve show
-as an economy matures, more wealth in society, more consumption, car ownership, electricity, more pressure for clean up
-at start of curve, still a degree of degradation because of localised impact
-end of curve, pollution fatigue (in NICs and MEDCs)
negative of kuznet curve
-doesnt take into account the impact of one developed country on other developing e.g. UK getting resources from elsewhere
issues in the mokong river in Vietnam
-mekong delta’s fetile area supports 40% of vietnams population
-annual floods allow rice to be grown
-10% of river flow has been lost
positive of damning for china in the mekong river
-owns half the length of mekong
-southern part is one of chinas poorest regions
-damning will generate HEP and encourage economic development
negative of damning in mekong river for laos
-one of worlds poorest countries
-90% of population depends on mekong for agriculture
-damns for HEP and flood control will reduce flow downstream
a NGO associated with mekong
-Mekong river comission to govern allocation and utilisation of the Mekong river waters
-not effective, as searching for economic gains rather than protecting
globalisation promoting Mekong degredation
-16 mil tons of sand has been dredged to build urban cities
-urbanisation is the focus of government not primary sector so rural- urban migration increases
what is happening in the mekong
-in the mid-2000’s, 11 large HEP projects on Mekong mainstream
-18 future plans in addition
impact of damning on livlihoods
-decline in fish more than 80% in the last 20 years
example of environmental management in North America and western Europe
-strict environmental policies due to previous intense pollution
-e.g. EU European green deal launched in 2019 and clean air act in the US
example of a region which finds it difficult to implement environmental management
-Sub- Saharan Africa
-over-exploitation of natural resources and weak governance
-climate change impact agriculture
-initiatives like great green wall to protect biodiversity may not be that effective
what does this topic tie into
-the variations in the world, some areas follow Kuznet and others don’t
-contrast in environmental outcomes can be related to stage of economic development and institutional strength
-globalisation facilitated economic growth which facilitated environmental degradation
what does the mekong river do/ how does it tie into globalisation
-satisfies a demand that ties into globalisation
