enviromental measures, behavioural tactics and CPTED Flashcards
how can environmental designs affect crime
built environmental designs can affect crime rate by influencing offender and affecting people’s ability to control surroundings
what are defensible spaces
- Oscar Newman
areas of clear boundaries, low crime rate due to territoriality, safe location, natural surveillance and a safe image.
what are indefensible spaces
crime is likely to occur in ‘confused’ areas of public spaces such as anonymous walkways/ stairwells as they belong to no one
what statistic of crime happens in indefensible spaces
55%
what is crime prevention through environmental design
- structure analysis to possible saftey issues to deter crime
- natural surveillance: lighting, curved corners, windows facing
- natural access control: clearly differentiate public and private spaces, single entry, low bushes and lockable gates
what are 2 strengths for CPTED
1) reduce crime rates
2) deter criminals
2 limitations for CPTED
1) Expensive
2) doesn’t tackle all crime, cyber
what are gated lanes
- narrow back lanes locked off to the general public only residents
- lockable gates to stop burglary, fly tipping, anti social behaviour and drug meet ups
- creates a safe place for children
what are 2 strengths for gated lanes
1) reduces crime rates
2) creates a safe place for children
what are 2 limitations for gated lanes
1) £4000 for 1
2) moves crime somewhere else
what is a panoptican
prisoners cells are all visible by a centre point guard tower but prisoners dont know if they are being watched
- makes prisoners self regulate their behaviour
what is token economy
tokens exchanged for priveleges, removed for bad behaviour.
- increase desirable behaviour
- make prisoners self regulate their behaviour
what are 2 strenghts for token ecomies
1) Hobbs and Halt: well for short term and all ages
2) Field 2004: well for youth but some dont respond, was then adapted for nonresponsive and works
what are 2 limitations for token ecomomies
1) cohen and flipcjak: reduction of offending in 2 years but not 3
2) other stratergies, ART, more useful and long term