aims of punishemnt Flashcards
1
Q
what is retribution
A
- inflicting punishment on offenders as punishment
- ‘just deserts’, offenders need to be punished for breaking society’s moral codes
- the punishment should be propionate to the crime committed
2
Q
what are some critisms for retribution
A
- offenders deserve forgiveness
- no help preventing future crime
3
Q
what theories link to retribution
A
- rational choice theory, offenders think through actions before committing so should be punished
4
Q
what is rehabilitation
A
- punishemnt used to reform offender
- reintroduce into society
- education, training, drug treatments and testing
5
Q
what is rehabilitation
A
- punishemnt used to reform offender
- reintroduce into society
- education, training, drug treatments and testing
6
Q
what are some critisms for rehabilitation
A
- right realists argue it is short term
- marxism say it shifts the blame from capatalsim to the offender’s own failings
7
Q
what 2 theories links to rehabilitation
A
- eyeneck’s personality theory: favoured aversion therapy
- cognitive theories: favours CBT and ART in reforming
8
Q
what is detterence
A
- general and individual
- punishment should be based on the severity and be proportionate to the crime not torment
9
Q
what are 2 criticisms to deterrence
A
- half of offenders reoffend in the first year of release
- how do we decide how severe a punishment is?
10
Q
what theory links to detterence
A
right realism, favour detterence as a form of crime prevention
11
Q
what is public protection
A
- incapacitation is removing offenders physical ability to offend
- protects society from dangerous criminals
- electronic tagging, chemical castraction of sex offenders
12
Q
2 critisms to public protection
A
- incapacitation leads to ‘wharehousing’ of offenders
- unjust to imprison someone from a crime they may commit
13
Q
what theory links to public protection
A
Lombroso, supported detaining criminals rather than trying
to rehabilitate them- he suggested housing them on
islands away from the public.
14
Q
what is reparation
A
- offenders make amends to society and individual through fines or unpaid work
- restorative justice is where offenders connect with the victim and show remorse, reintroducing them into society
15
Q
what are 2 critisms for reparation
A
- doesnt work on all offences: sexual/ violent
- some say its too soft and allows offenders to get off easily
16
Q
what theory links to reparation
A
functionalists say restorative justice is essential in balancing society
