Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards
Describe the enterobacteriaceae family
Gram negative bacilli
Facultative anaerobes
Ferment glucose with acid production
Reduce nitrates to nitrites
Oxidase -ve
Grow on MacConkey agar
Non-sporing, non-acid fast
Describe the antigenic structure of the enterobacteriaceae family
K/Capsular antigens:
Capsular polysaccharide
Heavy in Klebsiella
H/Flagella antigens:
All enterobacteriaceae are motile except❓
Shigella
Klebsiella
All enterobacteriaceae are non-capsulated except❓
Klebsiella
List some examples of enterobacteriaceae
Escherichia
Shigella
Salmonella
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Serratia
Proteus
Morganella
Providencia
Erwinia
Yersinia
Edwardsiella
Hafnia
What are examples of enterobacteriaceae that infect the CNS❓
E. coli
What are examples of enterobacteriaceae that infect the lower respiratory system❓
E. coli
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
What are examples of enterobacteriaceae that infect the blood stream❓
E. coli
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
What are examples of enterobacteriaceae that infect the GIT❓
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia
E. coli
What are examples of enterobacteriaceae that infect the urinary tract❓
E. coli
Proteus
Providentia
Klebsiella
What are the site of infections for the enterobacteriaceae family❓
CNS
Lower respiratory system
Blood stream
GIT
Urinary tract
E. coli…
- Has which three antigens❓
- Attach to epithelial surfaces using❓
1.
O-liposaccharide
K-capsule
H-flagellum
- Pili
What is the clinical significance of E.coli❓
UTI (esp in women)
Meningitis in infants (E. coli and grp B. strep)
Diarrhea in infants (EPEC)
Travelers diarrhea (ETEC)
Bloody diarrhea (EHER)
Dysentery-like Syndrome (EIEC)
Diarrhea caused by EPEC is not bloody
True or false
True
What does EAEC cause❓
Travellers Diarrhea
Persistent diarrhea in young children
What dxs will…
- EPEC
- ETEC
- EHEC
- EIEC
- EAEC
lead to❓
EPEC- Watery diarrhea in infants
ETEC- Watery diarrhea
EHEC- Bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and HUS
EIEC- Bloody diarrhea
EAEC- persistent watery diarrhea
How does salmonella typhi cause diseases❓
By invading macrophages of the intestinal lymphoid tissue (Peyer’s patches)
Spread to reticuloendothelial system and gallbladder
“Rose spots” is associated with typhoid fever
True or false
True
Salmonella thyphi is only transmitted via the oral-fecal route
True or false
True
How can infections by shigella be transmitted❓
Contaminated food and water/contaminated stools
What are the two clinically important shigella sps❓
Shigella sonnei
Shigella dysenteriae
Shigella sonnei typically causes infections where❓
Mucosa of the large intestine
Rarely penetrates the deeper intestinal layers
Shigella dysenteriae typically causes infections where❓
Invades the colonic mucosa
Produces exotoxins (Shiga toxin) w cytotoxic properties
Shigellosis is characterised by
Diarrhea w blood, mucus and painful abdominal cramping
Yersinia pestis…
- Is transmitted by❓
- Spreads through which system❓
- Has an incubation period of❓
- Results in❓
- Fleas/Contaminated animal tissues
- Lymph nodes and phagocytes
2-8days
- Bubonic/Septicemic plague
Enterobacter frequently colonizes hospitalized pts
True or false
What dx can it lead to❓
True
Associated w catheters and invasive procedures
May infect burns, wounds, respiratory and urinary tracts
What infections are associated with Klebsiella pneumonia and oxytoca ❓
Necrotizing lobar pneumonia
UTI
Bacteremia
Which species of serratia causes human infections❓
What infections can it cause❓
Which other enterobacteriaceae cause extraintestinal infections❓
Serratia marcescens
Extraintestinal infections of lower respiratory and urinary tract
Proteus
Providencia
Morganella
