Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards
What kind of taxonomic unit is Enterobacteriaceae
Family
What other subunits are in Enterobacteriaceae
ca. 40 genera
ca. 180 species
where to find Enterobacteriaceae Bb
normal gut flora
through faeces into the environment
Most of them are pathogenic T/F
F most are saprophytes - can be helpful
Morphology
1-3 micrometer rod
All of them have flagella T/F
F all of them except shigella and klebsiella
Klebsiella and Shigella
have no flagella
Resistance
average
Staining
Gr -
red pinkish
Culture
simple aerobic, fac. anaerobic
10-45°c
1 day to produce colony
What is used for differentiation mainly
lactose fermentation
name a selective enrichment for Salmonella
Rambach agar
What do the differential media contain
lactose, indicator and inhibitory materials
What’s in a low selective capacity medium and what can grow in it
all kind of enterobacteriaceae and some Gr+ can grow
crysatl violet - lactose - litmus
crystal violet - bile salts - lactose - neutral red
What’s in a medium selective capacity medium and what can grow in it
only the most important enterobacteriaceae can grow
brilliant green - lactose - phenol red - E. and S.
High selective cap.
designed for isolation of salmonella
-bismuth sulphite agar
O/C
catalase +
oxidase -
O/F test
fermentative (acid + gas prod)
What else can be used for differentiation
the antigens
What are the antigens for differentiation
O, K, H, F
What do the antigens stand for
O = cell wall K= capsule H= flagella F= fimbira
Name the lactose pos. genera
- Escherichia
- Klebsiella
- Enterobacter
Name the lactose neg. genera
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Yersinia
- Proteus
- Providencia
- Edwardsiella
- Serratia
- Citrobacter
Most of Enterobacteriaceae are fac path T/F
F overwhelming majority is saprophytic
Where are KLebsiella found
gut, resp. tract, Genital tract, environment, muc mem
Morphology of klebsiella
rod, capsullated, non flagellated
Describe the Klebsiella colonies
large merging colonies extensive capsule
fast metabolism
Enterobacteriaceae diff.
lactose +
Voges proskauer +
urease +
Name the relevant species of Klebsiella
K.pneumoniae
List the diseases a fac. K. pneumoniae could cause
Calf: bronchitis, bronchopneumonia
Cow: mastits
Mare: metritis
Ho: pneumonia, urogenital infections
Where to find Enterobacter
gut, environment
Morphology of enterobacter
rod, thiccccccc capsule
Enterobacteriaceae diff
lactose +
Voges proskauer test+
Enterobacter is largely saprophytic T/F
T
What are the G- anaerobic rods
Fusobacterium, Bacteroides and Dichelobacter
Where to find the G- anaerobic rids
muc mem, alimentary tract, resp. tract, genital tract
Morph of Fusobacterium
polymorph
Culture of Fusobacterium
fastidious, obligate anaerobic, CO2
Species of Fusobacterium
F.necrophorum
-ssp necroforum
-ssp funduliforme
F.nucleatum
What is the morphology of F.necrophorum
long chains, filaments
Culture of F.necrophorum
blood agar, obl. anaerobic, haemolysis
What diseases does F. necrophorum cause
ssp. necroforum causes Necrobacillosis in calf, piglet, rabbit
and
foot rot in sheep
ssp funduliforme is saprophytic
What diseases does F.nucleatum cause
human carnivore abscess, mastitis, metritis
Morphology of bacteroides
3-5 micrometer rod with fimbria
Culture of bacteroides
fastidious , obl anaerobic
What’s the most important spec. in Bacteroides
B.nodosus
What does B. nodosus cause
foot rot in sheep
What does Dichelobacter nodosus cause
foot rot in sheep
Where to find escherichia coli
gut, muc mem
Morphology of E.coli
2-3 mircom rod with capsule thiccc
Is E.coli flagellated
Yes
E-coli ha fimbria
Oh yeah
Culture of E.coli
aerobic, fac. anaerobic
simple nutrient agar or broth
colonies appear very fast
Enterobacteriaceae diff
lactose +
indol + (indol prod. from tryptophane)
list all the antigens of E.coli
O: type specific (174 types)
K: heat stabile (A) and heat labile (L) : 80 types
F: 19 types
H:57 types
Which F antigens belong to which species
F1: common fimbria F2,F3: human F4,F6,F18:Su F5,F17,F41: Ru F7-16: UTI Ho and poultry
What can E.coli cause in Cattle
calf coli diarrhoea and septicaemia, cow mastitis metritis
What can E.coli cause in Su
neonatal pigs: coli-diarrhoea
weaned piglets: coli-diarrhoea, edema disease
Sow: mastitis, metritis
What can E.coli cause in lamb
Coli-diarrhoea
What can E.coli cause in poultry
dayoldchick: septicaemia
chicken: septicaemia
older: lesions in organs
What can E.coli cause in Ho
neonatal enteritis, septicaemia, urogenital infections, enteritis, haemorrhagic enterocolitis
!What protein do pathogenic strains of E.coli produce!
Intimin - attaches to surface of enterocytes and destroys them
Enterotoxin - makes enterocytes excrete causing diarrhoea
Necrotoxic - attack epithelial gut cells
