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AY ENT > ENT trauma & airway obstruction > Flashcards

ENT trauma & airway obstruction Flashcards

1
Q

Management of suspected nasal fracture

A

Review in ENT 5-7 days post injury

No intervention or MUA

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2
Q

Complications of nasal fracture

A

Epistaxis
CSF leak
Meningitis
Anosmia (cribriform plate fracture)

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3
Q

Treatment of pinna haematoma

A

Incision @& drainage

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4
Q

What is the battle sign?

A

Haematoma or bleeding in post auricular area

Sign of mddle cranial fossa fracture

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5
Q

What are 80% of temporal bone fractures?

A

Longitudinal (lateral blow)

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6
Q

How can a temporal bone fracture cause conductivedeafness?

A

Haemotympanum

Ossicular chain disruption

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7
Q

Which type of temporal bone fracture is more likely to cause nerve injury?

A

Transverse (frontal blow)

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8
Q

What is the second most common facial fracture?

A

Orbital floor fractures

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9
Q

What is the week point for fractures of the orbital floor?

A

Infraorbital groove

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10
Q

Presentation of orbital floor fractures

A 
Pain
Decresed visual acuity 
Hypoaesthesia in infraorbital region 
Periorbital ecchymosis
Oedema 
Enopthalmos 
Restriction of ocular movement 
Bony step in orbital rim
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11
Q

Investigation finding on CT of sinuses in orbital floor fracture

A

Tear drop sign

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12
Q

What would merit surgery in an orbital floor fracture/

A

Entrapment
Large defect
Significant enopthlamos

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13
Q

What view on x-ray is useful in Le Fort fractures?

A

Waters view

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14
Q

What physiologically causes a hoarse voice?

A

If vocal chords don’t come back together

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15
Q

What predisposes babies to airway obstruction?

A 
Large head
Small nares 
Neonates are obligate nose breathers 
Relatively large tongue 
Small, soft larynx 
Higher position (C1) 
Weak neck muscles (floppy head) 
Narrow subglottis
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16
Q

Causes of airway obstruction

A 
Inflammatory/ infective causes/allergy 
Foreign bodies 
Physical compression/invasion of airway
Trauma/iatrogenic trauma 
Neurological causes 
Neoplastic causes 
Burn 
Congenital airway pathology
17
Q

What is stertor?

A

Snoring

18
Q

What signs of airway obstruction?

A 
SOB 
Coughing 
Choking 
Inability to complete sentence 
Sternal/subcostal recession 
Tracheal tug 
Dusky colou of skin 
Dysphagia 
Dysphonia Pyrexia 
Cyanosis
19
Q

What causes recurrent respiratory papillomatosis?

A

HPV infection of the larynx (benign but can become cancerous)

20
Q

How does recurrent respiratory papillomatosis present?

A

Obstruction/collapse after progressive breathing difficulty over months

21
Q

What is the commonest cause of adult subglottic stenosis?

A

Vasculitis

AY ENT (11 decks)

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