ENT disease table Flashcards
name 3 benign tumours of nose
squamous papillomas
schneiderian papillomas
angiofibromas
most common benign tumour of nose
squamous papillomas
cause of schneiderian papillomas
HPV, smoking, organic solvents, welding, males
name 5 malignant tumours of nose
squamous cell carcinoma primary adenocarcinoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma neuroblastoma lymphoma
most common malignant tumour of nose
squamous cell carcinoma
associations with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
occupation - formaldehyde
bacterial tonsilitis caused by
group A strep - strep pyogens
high score in centor criteria =
bacterial more likely
what is the feverPAIN criteria
- fever (in last 24 hours)
- pus on tonsils
- attend rapidy (within 3 days)
- severly inflammed tonsils
- no cough or coryza
high feverPAIN score =
more likely to be bacteiar
features of rheumatic fever
3 weeks post sore throat
fever, arthritis + pancarditis
what causes scarlett fever
group A beta haemolytic streptocci exotoxins
how to treat scarlet fever
penicllin
how does EBV get into liver spleen and lymph nodes
- establishes a persistence infection in oropharyngeal B cells
- circulating B cells then spread infection to liver, spleen and peripheral lymph nodes
is diptheria bacterial or viral
bacterial
which types of HPV cause squamous papilloma of throat
6 + 11
benign
what is papaganglioma of the throat associated with
MEN 2
which bugs cause epiglottiis
mostly H influenza but also strep pneumoniae
treatment of epiglottiis
secure airway
IV ceftriaxone
is OM viral or bacterial
viral followed by bacterial infecition (H influenzae, strep pneumoniae, strep pyogens)
treatment for OM
if not resolved in 4 days
amoxicillin
which bug causes malignant otitis externa
pseudomonas aeruginosa
symptoms of malignant otisis externa
facial palsy
granulation tissue at bone-cartialge junction of ear canal
- exposed bone in ear canal
how to diagnose malignant otitis externa
PV / CRP to slow inflammationn
how to treat malignant otiis externa
IV ciprofloaxin
treament for otitis externa
topical aural toilet fungal = clotrimazole bacterial = gentamicin 0.3% drops
what does the NF2 gene code for
merlin protein at Ch22q12
should you give doxycyline in children?
no
which infection causes thrombosis leading to death
cavernous sinus secondary to sinusitis
what is the most common benign tumour of parotid
pleomorphic adenoma
who gets pleomorphic adenoma
females 4-6th generation
what is warthrins tumour
second most common benign tumour in parotid
who gets warthrins tumours
males > 50 who smoke
what is the most common malignant tumour in parotid
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
which parotid tumour can cause loss of function
adenoid cystic carcinoma
vestibular neuritis vs larbyrnitis
just vestibulocochlear nerve
inflammation of whole labrnth
