ENT anatomy summary Flashcards
where is the ethmoid bone found in relation to the nose
behind it
where does the sphenoid sinus drain into
sphenoethmoidal recess
where do the posterior ethmoidal air cells drain into
superior meatus
which 2 structures drain into middle meatus
semilunal hiatus
ethmoid bull
what does semilunal hiatus have openings for
- frontal and maxillary sinuses
- anterior ethmoidal air cells
what does the ethmoidal bulla have an opening for
middle ethmoidal air cells
what drains into the anterior meatus
nasoclarimal duct
is the concha above or below its associated meatus
above
which cartilage is the larynx made mostly of? which is made of different cartilage?
most hyaline
epiglottis = elastic
what is another name for the scala media
cochlear duct
what is the cochlear duct a component of
membranous labyrinth
when are the scala vestibule and tympani continuous with each other? what is this called
helicotrema
what is the modiolus and what does it contain
the boney core which the cochlea encircles
contains canals for conveying blood vessels and distributing branches of the cochlear nerve
where is the organ of corti located
cochlear duct / scala media
which is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympnaic membrane?
umbo
which way does the cone of light normally face
anterioinferiorly
CN responsible for sensory tymani
CN V3
CN responsable for stapedius
CN VII
which 5 things does the glossopharyngeal nerve innervate (CN IX)
middle ear cavity ET nasopharynx oropharynx palatine tonsil
back of ear
C2,3 spinal nerves via lesser occipital nerve
front of external ear
C2,3 spinal nerves via greater auricular nerve
dots on external ear –> middle ear
CN VII facial nerve
pinna> superior part of EAM
CN V3 (via auriculotemporal nerve ) superior parts of EAM and most of tympanic membrane
inferior part of EAM and tympanic membrane
CN X
anterior 2/3rds of tongue
facial nerve
somatic motor facial nerve goes to which 4 places
- muscles of facial expression (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular + cervical)
- stapedius
- posterior belly of diagnostic
- stylohyoid
visceral motor / parasympathetic facial nerve goes to where
lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual glands, minor glands of nasal cavity and palate
which nerve associated with chords tympani
lingual nerve
which pharynx muscle causes opening
lateral pyterygoid
which pharynx muscle is associated with the shoudler
omrohyoid
name the 4 muscles of the tongue
palatoglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
what are 3/4 tongue muscles innervated by
CN XII
which tongue muscle isn’t innervated by CN XII? what is it innervated by? how do you remember this?
palatoglossus - CN X
‘ have to plait my hair for my ex ‘
what does tensor veil palatini do
tenses palatine aponeurosis
what does levator veil palatini do
lifts palatine aponeurosis
what do the 2 palatine muscles do together
close the ET
what are all (apart from one) of the soft palate muscles innervated by
CN X
which soft palate muscles isn’t innervated by CN X and what is it innervated by?
tensor veli palatini
V3
which muscle shortens uvula
musculus uvulae
which muscle elevates pharynx and depresses soft palate
palatopharyngeus
where does anterior ethmoid artery course
enters sphenoid bone
courses down to the tip of the nose
what does the modified Romberg test test for?
likelihood of falling
input - vestibular
output - vestibulopinal
tastebuds have lifespan of
10 days
what may hyposmia be an early sign of
parkinsons
