ENT

Question 1

How do you a) diagnose and b) treat BPPV?

Answer 1

a) hallpike manoeuvre

b) Epley manoeuvre

Question 2

Where is Ramsay hunt syndrome reactivated?

Answer 2

the geniculate ganglion of CN7

Question 3

How is Ramsay Hunt treated?

Answer 3

oral aciclovir and corticosteroids

Question 4

Is tinnitus present in labyrinthitis or vestibular neuronitis?

Answer 4

labyrinthitis

Question 5

treat menieres

Answer 5

prophylaxis - betahistine

accute attacks - buccal/IM prochloroperazine

Question 6

giving amoxcillin in glandular fever has what consequence?

Answer 6

generalised macular rash

Question 7

what is the most common bacterial cause of sore throat?

Answer 7

strep pyogenes

Question 8

acute complications of strep throat

Answer 8

otitis media
peritonsilar abscess
scarlet fever

Question 9

late complications of strep throat

Answer 9

rheumatic fever

glomerulonephritis

Question 10

how do you treat strep throat?

Answer 10

oral penicillin

Question 11

Investigate glandular fever

Answer 11

1. EBV IgM

2. paul-bunnel or monospot test

Question 12

difference between CBV and EBV

Answer 12

CBV has no heterophile antibodies

Question 13

Where are vestibular schwannomas most commonly seen?

Answer 13

cerebellopontine angle

Question 14

loss of corneal reflex

Answer 14

vestibular schwannoma

Question 15

battle sign

Answer 15

temporal bone #

Question 16

what needs to be ruled out in conductive hearing loss?

Answer 16

cholesteatoma

Question 17

what needs to be ruled out in sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 17

vestibular schwannoma

Question 18

investigate
a) sensorineural
b) conductive
hearing loss

Answer 18

a) MRI

b) CT

Question 19

How is otosclerosis inherited

Answer 19

autosomal dominant

Question 20

Positive rinnes test

Answer 20

normal

AC > BC

Question 21

Weber test

Answer 21

Normal = sound is heard equally in both ears
Sensorineural deafness = sound is heard louder on the side of the intact ear
Conductive deafness = sound is heard louder on the side of the affected ear

Question 22

what type of tuning fork should be used?

Answer 22

512Hz

Question 23

If someone has asthma and nasal polyps which drug should be avoided

Answer 23

aspirin

Question 24

What is the biggest risk factor for malignant otitis externa?

Answer 24

diabetes mellitus

- caused by pseudomonas

Question 25

AOM + perforation

Answer 25

oral antibiotics

Question 26

in patients with chronic ear discharge which part of the ear is most important to visualise?

Answer 26

the attic to look for cholesteatoma

Question 27

treat acute vestibular neuronitis

Answer 27

betahistine