ENT Flashcards
Condition with vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, absent corneal reflex
Vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)
Condition in which bilateral acoustic neuromas are seen
NF2
Investigation of choice for acoustic neruoma
MRI of cerebellopontine angle (audiometry also important)
Most common cause of vertigo
BPPV
BPPV episode time
10-20 seconds
Manoeuvre positive in BPPV
Dix-Hallpike
Vertigo and rotatory nystagmus
Management for BPPV
Resolves spontaneously weeks-months (but can reccur in a few years)
Epley manoeuvre
Patient was born with cleft palate and has foul-smelling discharge from ear at age of 15. Attic crust seen on otoscopy. Patient referred for surgery. What is the condition?
Cholesteatoma - benign growth of squamous epithelium trapped in skull base
Episode timing for Meniere’s disease
Minutes to hours
Management of acute attacks of Meniere’s
Prochlorperazine
Prevention of Meniere’s
Betahistine and vestibular rehab exercises
First treatment if epistaxis >10 mins
Cautery if source is visible
- blow nose to remove clots
- topical anaesthetic
- silver nitrate stick
Packing if source not visualised
- topical anaesthetic
- pack affected nostril first
Initial management of otitis externa
Topical abx (+/- steroid)
Ear pain, bulging tympanic membrane and loss of light reflex, otorrhiea, how to manage?
Analgesia
Only abx if >4 days, systemic, immunocompromised, perforation: amoxicillin 5-7 days
Vestibular neuritis and viral labyrinthitis management
Prochlorperazine
