Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Diagnostics > ENT > Flashcards

ENT Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 parts of the ear?

A

external, middle, and inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Helix and antihelix of the ear are both cartilaginous or boney composition?

A

cartilaginous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is another name for the pinna?

A

oracle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is another name for the external acoustic meatus?

A

auditory canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the types of hearing loss

A

1) conductive hearing loss
2) sensorineural
3) mixed/both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The middle ear is bounded laterally to the ______

A

eardrum / tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The middle ear is bounded medially to the ______

A

cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F

The middle ear is filled with air

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The auditory canal is ____ cartilaginous and ____ covered by bone

(Hint: both answers are fractions)

A

1/3, 2/3

The auditory canal is 1/3 cartilaginous and 2/3 covered by bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The outer ear/ auditory canal is innervated by which cranial nerves?

A

CN5 (CNV) trigeminal nerve

CN10 (CNX) vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 auditory ossicles?

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the smallest bones of the body?

A

the auditory ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The inner ear is innervated by which cranial nerve?

A

CN8 (CNVIII) auditory vestibular nerve (also called vestibulocochlear nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The middle ear is innervated by 2 cranial nerves. What are they and where are they specifically attached to?

A

tensor tympani muscle is attached to the malleus, which is innervated to CN5 (CNV, trigeminal nerve)

stapedius muscle is attached to the stapes, which is innervated to CN7 (CN VII, facial nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The eustachian (auditory) tube opens into where? What cranial nerve is it innervated by?

A

Opens into the nasopharynx, which is innervated by CN10 (CNX, vagus nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sound waves make the tympanic membrane vibrate and the vibrations pass through the ossicles. What phase of hearing is this?

A

phase 1, conductive hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The cochlea senses vibrations and codes these vibrations to send to the vestibulocochlear nerve to send information to the brain. What phase of hearing is this?

A

phase 2, sensorineural hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When examining the ear, you’re only looking at what part of the ear?

A

the external ear

We are unable to directly examine the middle or inner ear without damaging it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The inner ear contains what for equilibrium?

A

vestibule and semicircular canals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is otorrhea?

A

ear discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is otalgia?

A

ear pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When looking at the external ear, what general assessments may you use?

A

inspection and palpation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is acute otitis externa?

A

external ear infection of the auditory canal

24
Q

What are the 2 tests for hearing acuity?

A

1) whispered word technique

2) finger rub technique

25
Q

What are the 2 tests for hearing loss?

A

Weber and Rinne test

26
Q

When doing the weber test, the sound travels through bone. The sound waves are transmitted through which cranial nerve?

A

CN8 (CNVIII) vestibulocochlear nerve/ auditory vestibular nerve

27
Q

When performing a weber test, where should the tuning fork be placed?

A

midline of the head, pt should be able to hear equally on both sides if normal

28
Q

What is it called if a pt can hear something better on one side than another?

A

lateralization

SOAP ex:
better in left ear = hearing lateralizes to left

29
Q

You can hear better through ____ but longer through _____

A

You can hear better through bone but longer through air

30
Q

Describe a rinne test

A

strike turning fork on hand and place handle on the mastoid process (assesses bone conduction)

when pt can no longer hear the noise, hold the tuning fork approx 3in from ear. Can pt hear this? It assesses air conduction

31
Q

<, >, or =?

bone conduction (BC) ____ air conduction (AC) indicates conductive loss

A

BC > AC indicates conductive loss

32
Q

<, >, or =?

bone conduction (BC) ____ air conduction (AC) indicates no hearing loss OR sensorineural loss

A

BC < AC indicates no hearing loss OR sensorineural loss

33
Q

How does using an otoscope on adults differ from children? Why is this important?

A

for adults= pull up, out, and back
children= down and back

this attempts to straighten the ear canal as much as possible to get a better view

34
Q

If you see otorrhea (ear discharge) when examining a pt with an otoscope what should you do?

A

back out

35
Q

What is a hematoma in the ear?

A

blood accumulated under the skin

36
Q

What color should a normal tympanic membrane be?

A

grey/translucent

37
Q

What is acute otitis media?

A

ear infection of the middle ear, typically bulging with fluid

38
Q

Define sinuses

A

openings lined with mucus membranes

39
Q

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses on the face?

A

maxillae (2 maxilla)
ethmoid
frontal
sphenoid

40
Q

What is another name for turbinate bones in the nasal passageway?

A

conchae

41
Q

When checking if a pt can smell, what cranial nerve are you testing?

A

CN1 (CNI) olfactory nerve

42
Q

What can you use to test a patient’s smell?

A

coffee beans, eucalyptus oil, wintergreen oil, etc

43
Q

What is a loss of smell called?

A

anosmia

44
Q

What general assessment techniques should you use on the sinuses?

A

inspection, palpation, and percussion

for percussion, just once your index finger

45
Q

What is sinusitis?

A

congestion/inflamed sinuses

46
Q

What does “nares” mean?

A

nostrils

47
Q

What does “patent” mean in a medical setting?

A

open/unobstructive

48
Q

What is xerostomia?

A

dry mouth

49
Q

What should you always ask a pt when examining their oral cavity?

A

When was the last time you were at the dentist?

50
Q

Define dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

51
Q

Define dysphonia

A

difficulty speaking (change in voice)

52
Q

Gingiva is the fancy word for what?

A

gums

53
Q

What is candida?

A

a fungal infection, commonly seen on tongue as a white substance that can easily be scraped off

54
Q

If a pt sticks out their tongue and you see that the uvula is depressed and deviated to one side, AND pt has difficulty swallowing with lack of taste, which cranial nerve is damaged?

A

CN9 (CNIX) glossopharyngeal nerve

55
Q

A beefy red colored tongue indicates…..

A

severe tonsillitis

56
Q

If a pt cannot stick out their tongue normally and it deviates to the side, which cranial nerve is damaged?

A

CN12 (CN XII) hypoglossal nerve

57
Q

What is cerumen?

A

earwax

Physical Diagnostics (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions