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Spring 2015 > ENS 307 Exam #1 > Flashcards

ENS 307 Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Validity

A

does the test measure what it is supposed to measure

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2
Q

Reliability

A

does the test give the same result on multiple occasions

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3
Q

Objectivity

A

is the test independent of bias?

whenever “bias” parameter is around - responses will be different (multiple choice vs. essay)

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4
Q

Novelty

A

is the test independent prior to learning?
learning level of 1st time (new) - base level of learning
everything from now on will be compared to the base level

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5
Q

Gross skills

A

involves large musculature

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6
Q

Fine skills

A

involves small musculature; dominated by the fine motor skills (manipulation; dexterity)

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7
Q

Empirical terms

A

test providing measurement based on change in performance

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8
Q

Ecological validity

A

does it transfer into a practical setting?

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9
Q

Continuous

A

ongoing
repetitive
no distinct beginning or end
cyclical

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10
Q

Discrete

A

distinct beginning and end
one shot effort
single response

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11
Q

Reaction time

A

time between the onset of a stimulus and the first overt response

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12
Q

Open

A

unpredictable
constantly changing
non-stereotypical: non-stationary

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13
Q

Closed

A

predictable

stereotypical: stationary

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14
Q

Dependent variable

A

what is measured

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15
Q

Independent variable

A

what is manipulated

manipulate to see change in dependent variable

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16
Q

Regulatory conditions

A

things that impact performance (crowd noise)

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17
Q

Non-regulatory conditions

A

things that do not impact performance

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18
Q

Phychophysical effect

A

we tend to overestimate/underestimate, so things are put in the center

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19
Q

Absolute error (AE)

A

amount of error without regard to the sign of the score (does not tell us the direction)

20
Q

Algebraic error (CE)

A

amount of error with regard to the sign of the score (gives a score that is not very accurate)

21
Q

Variable error (VE)

A

standard deviation of the CE (consistency)

22
Q

Kinematics

A

study of movement w/o regard to the force or mass

23
Q

Kinetics

A

study of movement w/ regard to force and mass

24
Q

Electromyography (EMG)

A

study of bioelectric signal associated w/ muscle contraction (between +/- electrodes)

25
Q

Brain imaging

A

study of electrical activity in specific areas on the surface of the cortex

26
Q

Positron emission tomography (PET)

A

track positively charged electrons to measure brain activity

27
Q

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

A

detects changes in blood flow by detecting oxygenation characteristics while performing skills

28
Q

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

A

short burst of magnetic waves is directed at specific part of the cortex, pulse disrupts normal activity and researchers observe behavior when that part of the brain is not functioning

29
Q

Performance

A

behavioral act of executing a skill at a specific time and in a specific situation

30
Q

Learning

A

change in the capability of a person to perform a skill; must be inferred from a relatively permanent improvement in performance as a result of practice or experience

31
Q

Amount of learning

A

absolute learning from one level of performance to another (how much change has occurred)

32
Q

Rate of learning

A

rate of the change in performance (speed of change or “slope”)

33
Q

Performance (5 levels)

A 
improvement
consistency
stability
persistence
adaptability
34
Q

Retention test

A

retain information over a given period of time (curve is maintained it is assumed the skill has been learned)

35
Q

Transfer test

A

if curve is maintained as transfer occurs from one situation to another it is assumed the skill has been learned

36
Q

Asymptote

A

leveling off in performance due to an internal limitation

37
Q

Ceiling effect (floor effect)

A

leveling off in performance due to external limitations

38
Q

Plateau

A

temporary leveling off in performance followed by additional improvement with practice

39
Q

Phantom plateau

A

is not really there if it is there…something is not right, factors coming into play need to be changed

40
Q

Tapering, shaving, peaking

A

PERIODIZATION; planned long-term variation of the volume and intensity of training to prevent overtraining and promote optimal performance at the desired time

41
Q

Macrocycle

A

quadrennium

1 year of training

42
Q

Mesocycle

A

greater than 2 contained in the macrocycle

pre-season/off-season

43
Q

Microcycle

A

greater than 2 contained in the mesocycle

range anywhere from 1-4 weeks

44
Q

Linear

A

gradually progressive microcycle increases in intensity over time

45
Q

Nonlinear

A

alternative model focuses on large daily fluctuations in the loads and volumes

Spring 2015 (9 decks)

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