enlightrnment Flashcards
petition of Right
is a major English constitutional document that sets out specific liberties of the subject that the king is prohibited from infringing.
long parliament
was an English Parliament which lasted from 1640 until 1660. It followed the fiasco of the Short Parliament which had been held for three weeks during the spring of 1640, and which in its turn had followed an 11-years parliamentary absence.
short parliament
was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.
cavaliers
Cleveland Cavaliers is a professional basketball team based in Cleveland, Ohio.
Oliver cromwell
was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
commonwealth
The English word Commonwealth (of common , common, and the old weal , which led to wealth , fortune) literally means common wealth or in one word: Commonwealth .
Declaration of Right
was a document that stated in detail the wrongs committed by the previous King, James II, and specified the English rights that all citizens are entitled to and all monarchs must abide by.
monarchy
is a form of government in which a group, usually a family called the dynasty, embodies the country’s national identity and one of its members, called the monarch, exercises a role of sovereignty.
Torries and wigs
The term whig corresponds to the old name of the British Liberal Party.
English Bill of Right
is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights. Passed on 16 December 1689, it is a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Rights presented by the Convention Parliament to William and Mary in February 1689, inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England.
William and mary
King William III and Queen Mary II of England, who ruled jointly after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had expelled Mary’s father, King James II. William and Mary were Protestants, and James was a Roman Catholic; since the time of William and Mary, the ruler of England has always upheld Protestantism in England
Enlightenment
the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement of the 18th century, characterized by belief in the power of human reason and by innovations in political, religious, and educational doctrine.
Philophers
any of the popular French intellectuals or social philosophers of the 18th century, as Diderot, Rousseau, or Voltaire
John Locke
August 29, 1632 Essex , 28 October 1704) was a philosopher and medical English considered one of the most influential thinkers of the Enlightenment and known as the “Father of Classical Liberalism ‘.
Voltaire
was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state.
