English Society Flashcards
How many more peers were there at the end of Henry VIII’s reign compared to the start? How many more Dukes were there? - Society
England had only 9 more peers in 1547 compared to in 1509. Henry appointed 2 more Dukes (Norfolk and Suffolk) to go with Buckingham, with these people expected to serve as soldiers and courtiers.
What happened to the number of gentry in England during the reign of Henry VIII? - Society
During Henry’s reign, the number of gentry increased to 5000 families.
What happened to the number of JPs during Henry’s reign? - Society
During Henry’s reign, the numbers of JPs increased, meaning more people were involved in local administration on behalf of the crown.
Which group were more likely to be involved in administration in Henry VIII’s reign than under Henry VII? - Society
Under Henry VIII, laypeople were increasingly likely to be involved in administration compared to during Henry VII’s reign, when churchmen were preferred to hold political offices.
What were the effects of the Law in Wales Act in creating a unitary state? When was this passed? - Society
The Law in Wales Act of 1536 divided Wales into shires, gave these shires direct Commons representation and brought Wales under the same legal framework as England.
What was the role of the Act Resuming Certain Liberties to the Crown in creating a unitary state? When was this passed? - Society
The Act Resuming Certain Liberties to the Crown abolished the semi-autonomous status of the palatinate areas of Durham, Chester and Lancaster, meaning that the King’s writ was applicable in these areas. Passed in 1536.
When was the Council of the North re-established? What was the role of this institution in creating a unitary state? - Society
The Council of the North was re-established in 1537, with this applying the King’s writ to areas North of the River Trent.
What were the social impacts of the religious upheaval initiated by Henry VIII? (4) - Society
Size of landowning gentry increased as sale of monastic land increased to finance warlike foreign policy, monastic schools lost following the dissolution, monks/nuns faced instant unemployment, community role of clergy lost to society.
When did the Amicable Grant rebellion occur? Where was this most popular? - Society
The Amicable Grant rebellion occurred in 1525, with this being most popular in North Essex and South Suffolk.
How many taxation rebels did the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk face? - Society
Norfolk and Suffolk faced around 4000 tax rebels.
How was the Amicable Grant rebellion resolved/handled? - Society
Dukes of Norfolk/Suffolk handled matter sensitively, Henry backed down his policy. Wolsey begged for leaders to be pardoned, and the King obliged.
When did the Pilgrimage of Grace last from-until? In what locations was this rebellion concentrated? - Society
The Pilgrimage of Grace lasted from October 1536 - January 1537. This rebellion mainly existed around Lincolnshire and South/East Yorkshire.
What religious motives were there for the Pilgrimage of Grace? - Society
The dissolution of the monasteries had damaged people’s daily lives, charitable functions of monasteries had been undermined, fears existed over the vitality of parish churches and traditional Catholic religious practices (SPECIFICALLY LOSS OF PILGRIMAGE, CHURCH PLATE AND JEWELS).
What secular motivations were there for the Pilgrimage of Grace? - Society
Many ordinary rebels were believed to more resent taxation and other economic grievances than having religious opposition, while some historians have argued that the restoration of Mary into the succession was the main aim of the rebels.
How was the Lincolnshire portion of the 1536/7 rising dismantled? - Society
The Lincolnshire section of the 1536/7 rising was dismantled by using the forces of the Duke of Suffolk to undermine and mitigate the threat posed by these rebels.
