English 8.0 Flashcards
Adjective
Aloof
Detached, distant, cold
English 8.0
Removed or distant either physically or emotionally; not friendly or forthcoming.
The cat’s aloof demeanor made it seem like it owned the place.
zdystansowany, nieprzystępny, oziębły, odosobniony
Adjective
Ubiquitous
Common, everyday, widespread
English 8.0
Existing or being everywhere at the same time; constantly encountered; widespread.
*Smartphones are so ubiquitous now that it’s hard to imagine life withou
wszechobecny, powszechny, omniprezentny, wszechogarniający
Adjective
Affluent
Wealthy, prosperous, rich
English 8.0
Having a great deal of money; wealthy.
*The affluent neighborhood boasted mansions, private pools, and luxury c
zamożny, bogaty, dostatni, opływający w dostatki
Noun
Concurrence
Agreement, accord, consensus
English 8.0
Agreement in opinion; cooperation or the fact of two or more events happening at the same time.
The project proceeded with the full concurrence of all team members.
zgoda, zbieżność, jednomyślność, współwystępowanie
Adjective
Austere
Stern, strict, harsh
English 8.0
Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance; practicing self-discipline and abstention.
*The monastery was known for its austere lifestyle, which included vows
surowy, ascetyczny, prosty, bez ozdób
Adjective
Clandestine
Secret, covert, undercover
English 8.0
Marked by, held in, or conducted with secrecy, especially for an evil, illicit, or unauthorized purpose.
Their clandestine meetings were thrilling yet dangerous.
tajny, potajemny, ukryty, sekretny
Noun
Predilection
Preference, penchant, affinity
English 8.0
An established preference for something, often reflecting one’s temperament or experience.
She has a predilection for classical music over pop.
upodobanie, zamiłowanie, skłonność, preferencja
Verb
Cajole
Persuade, coax, wheedle
English 8.0
To persuade someone to do something by sustained coaxing or flattery.
He managed to cajole his friend into lending him the car.
namawiać, przekonywać, pochlebiać, namówić
Adjective
Abstruse
Complex, obscure, esoteric
English 8.0
Difficult to understand; obscure.
*The professor’s lecture on quantum mechanics was abstruse for beginners
zawiły, niezrozumiały, skomplikowany, trudny
Noun
Clairvoyant
Psychic, seer, soothsayer
English 8.0
A person who claims to have a supernatural ability to perceive events in the future or beyond normal sensory contact.
The clairvoyant predicted a great change in my life.
jasnowidz, wróżbita, medium, wizjoner
Noun
Clemency
Mercy, leniency, forgiveness
English 8.0
Leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice.
*The judge’s clemency saved the remorseful thief from a harsher sentence
łaska, litość, miłosierdzie, pobłażliwość
Adjective
Covert
Secret, hidden, undercover
English 8.0
Not openly acknowledged or displayed.
The spy conducted covert operations behind enemy lines.
tajny, ukryty, potajemny, sekretny
Adjective
Demure
Reserved, modest, shy
English 8.0
Characterized by shyness and modesty; reserved.
Despite her demure appearance, she was a fierce competitor.
powściągliwy, skromny, nieśmiały, dyskretny
Adjective
Desolate
Bleak, barren, deserted
English 8.0
Deserted of people and in a state of bleak and dismal emptiness.
The desolate landscape was hauntingly beautiful under the moonlight.
opuszczony, pusty, żałosny, niegościnny
Verb
Disparage
Belittle, denigrate, deprecate
English 8.0
To regard or represent as being of little worth.
He never missed an opportunity to disparage his competitors.
umniejszać, dyskredytować, bagatelizować, lekceważyć
Verb
Divulge
Reveal, disclose, uncover
English 8.0
To make known (private or sensitive information).
The agent refused to divulge the secrets of the undercover operation.
ujawnić, wyjawić, rozgłosić, zdradzić
Verb
Embezzle
Misappropriate, steal, pilfer
English 8.0
To steal or misappropriate (money placed in one’s trust or belonging to the organization for which one works).
The accountant was caught trying to embezzle funds from the company.
defraudować, zdefraudować, sprzeniewierzyć, przywłaszczyć
Noun
Epitome
Embodiment, quintessence, paragon
English 8.0
A person or thing that is a perfect example of a particular quality or type.
She is the epitome of kindness, always helping those in need.
ujęcie, kwintesencja, wzór, epitom
Verb
Extrapolate
Infer, project, predict
English 8.0
Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) from one situation to another by assuming that existing trends will continue or similar methods will be applicable.
*The scientist could extrapolate the results of the experiment to other
ekstrapolować, wnioskować, przewidywać, rozszerzać
Adjective
Insipid
Bland, dull, flavorless
English 8.0
Lacking flavor; weak or tasteless.
The soup was insipid and lacked seasoning.
mdły, bezbarwny, nijaki, bez smaku
Adjective
Intrepid
Fearless, brave, courageous
English 8.0
Very brave, fearless, unshaken by danger.
The intrepid explorer ventured into uncharted territories.
nieustraszony, odważny, śmiały, dzielny
Adjective
Callous
Insensitive, unfeeling, heartless
English 8.0
Showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others.
His callous comments about the homeless shocked the audience.
bezuczuciowy, zatwardziały, nieczuły, obojętny
Verb
Concur
Agree, accord, coincide
English 8.0
To be of the same opinion; agree.
The scientists concur with the findings of the study.
zgadzać się, przyznawać rację, współdziałać, pokrywać się
Adjective
Rancid
Spoiled, bad, off
English 8.0
(Of food containing fat or oil) smelling or tasting unpleasant as a result of being old and stale.
The rancid butter made the cake inedible.
zjełczały, przeterminowany, zepsuty, nieświeży
Phrase
Revved up
Excited, energized, animated
English 8.0
Increased in intensity or excitement.
The crowd was revved up for the concert.
nakręcony, podekscytowany, zmotywowany, wzmocniony
Phrase
Hone in
Focus, zero in, aim
English 8.0
To direct one’s attention focally or to move in on a target.
The detective honed in on the key evidence.
skupić się, zmierzać, doprecyzować, nawigować
Noun
Hilarity
Mirth, amusement, laughter
English 8.0
Extreme amusement, especially when expressed by laughter.
His anecdote caused great hilarity among the guests.
wesołość, śmiech, rozbawienie, zabawa
Adjective
Serene
Peaceful, calm, tranquil
English 8.0
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
The serene landscape of the lake at dawn was breathtaking.
spokojny, pogodny, bezchmurny, łagodny
Verb
Accede
Agree, consent, assent
English 8.0
To agree to a demand, request, or treaty.
The company acceded to the demands for a pay raise.
przystać, zgodzić się, akceptować, przyłączyć
Noun
Dilatoriness
Procrastination, delay, tardiness
English 8.0
Tendency to delay or procrastinate; slowness as a result of not being timely or prompt.
His dilatoriness in responding to emails frustrated his colleagues.
zwłoka, ociąganie się, opieszałość, lenistwo
Verb
Belie
Contradict, misrepresent, disguise
English 8.0
To give a false impression of; to contradict.
Her calm face belied the turmoil she felt inside.
zakłamywać, przeczyć, ukrywać, fałszować
Adjective
Diffident
Shy, reserved, unassertive
English 8.0
Lacking confidence in one’s own ability, worth, or fitness; timid; shy.
The diffident student hesitated to raise her hand.
nieśmiały, skromny, niepewny siebie, wstydliwy
Noun
Sobriety
Seriousness, gravity, solemnity
English 8.0
The state of being sober; seriousness.
After the joke, his face returned to an expression of sobriety.
trzeźwość, powaga, rozsądek, surowość
Adjective
Proprietary
Exclusive, private, owned
English 8.0
Relating to an owner or ownership.
The software’s proprietary code prevents it from being copied.
własnościowy, zastrzeżony, prywatny, firmowy
Noun
Walking cane
Stick, staff, rod
English 8.0
A stick that people can lean on to help them walk.
He used a walking cane to maintain his balance.
laska, kostur, trzcina, kij
Adjective
Inglorious
Dishonorable, shameful, ignoble
English 8.0
Not famous or distinguished; shameful or disgraceful.
The spy led an inglorious life in hiding.
niechlubny, haniebny, niesławny, ignacyjny
Adjective
Docile
Obedient, compliant, submissive
English 8.0
Easily taught, led, or managed; obedient.
The docile puppy followed its owner everywhere.
posłuszny, uległy, łagodny, potulny
Noun
Dimple
Indentation, cleft, depression
English 8.0
A small natural indentation in the flesh, especially on the cheek or chin.
Her smile revealed a charming dimple.
dołeczek, wgłębienie, zmarszczka, zagłębienie
Noun literary
Mien
Bearing, demeanor, presence
English 8.0
A person’s look or manner, especially one of a particular kind indicating their character or mood.
His noble mien impressed everyone at the court.
wygląd, postawa, mina, sposób bycia
Verb
Fret
Worry, be annoyed, chafe
English 8.0
To be constantly or visibly worried or anxious.
She always frets about her exams.
martwić się, denerwować, szarpać nerwy, niepokoić
Verb
Gripe
Complain, moan, grumble
English 8.0
Express a complaint or grumble about something, especially something trivial.
He would often gripe about his work.
narzekać, skarżyć się, biadolić, zrzędzić
Adjective
Destitute
Impoverished, poor, needy
English 8.0
Without the basic necessities of life.
The disaster left thousands destitute.
biedny, pozbawiony środków do życia, ubogi, nędzny
Noun
Menace
Threat, danger, peril
English 8.0
Something that threatens to cause evil, harm, injury, etc.; a threat.
The dark clouds were a menace to our picnic plans.
zagrożenie, groźba, niebezpieczeństwo, przestrogą
Noun
(Of food containing Partiality
Favoritism, bias, prejudice
English 8.0
Unfair bias in favor of one thing or person compared with another; favoritism.
His partiality for his own students was obvious.
stronniczość, uprzedzenie, faworyzowanie, tendencja
Adjective
Immutable
Unchangeable, permanent, fixed
English 8.0
Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
The laws of physics are immutable and constant.
niezmienny, stały, niezmienialny, niezmienniczy
Adjective
Placid
Calm, peaceful, serene
English 8.0
Not easily upset or excited; calm and peaceful.
The lake was placid, with not a ripple in sight.
spokojny, łagodny, nieporuszony, błogi
Noun
Fetter
Shackle, chain, restraint
English 8.0
A chain or manacle used to restrain a prisoner, typically placed around the ankles.
He threw off his fetters and escaped.
kajdany, pęta, okowy, więzy
Adjective
Odious
Detestable, repulsive, offensive
English 8.0
Extremely unpleasant; repulsive.
The dictator’s odious regime was hated by many.
odrażający, wstrętny, nieznośny, obrzydliwy
Adjective
Vigorous
Energetic, strong, active
English 8.0
Strong, healthy, and full of energy.
She remained vigorous and active into old age.
energiczny, silny, żywotny, krzepki
Verb
Devolve
Delegate, transfer, pass on
English 8.0
Transfer or delegate (power) to a lower level, especially from central government to local or regional administration.
Responsibilities were devolved to the local councils.
przekazać, delegować, zdecentralizować, oddać
Adjective
Inordinate
Excessive, undue, unreasonable
English 8.0
Unusually or disproportionately large; excessive.
The project required an inordinate amount of time.
nadmierny, nieproporcjonalny, przesadny, nadzwyczajny
Verb
Inhibit
Restrict, hinder, constrain
English 8.0
To restrain or hinder (an action or process).
His fear of failure inhibited his ambition.
hamować, ograniczać, tłumić, zahamować
Verb
Segue
Transition, proceed, continue
English 8.0
Move without interruption from one piece of music, part of a story, subject, etc., to another.
*The conversation seamlessly segued from work topics to personal stories
przejść płynnie, kontynuować bez przerwy, przejście, przeskoczyć
Noun
Predilection
Preference, liking, inclination
English 8.0
A preference or special liking for something; a bias in favor of something.
She has a predilection for classical music.
upodobanie, skłonność, preferencja, zamiłowanie
Verb
Curb
Restrict, control, restrain
English 8.0
To lower something undesirable
They curbed their spending after reviewing their budget.
ograniczyć, powstrzymać, hamować, kontrolować
Phrase
Take something with a grain of salt
Skeptical, doubtful, cautiously
English 8.0
To view something with skepticism or not to interpret something literally.
Take his advice with a grain of salt; he’s not an expert.
podchodzić do czegoś z rezerwą, traktować coś z przymrużeniem oka
Verb
Tarnish
Discolor, stain, dull
English 8.0
Lose or cause to lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture.
Silverware tends to tarnish over time.
zmatowieć, zaciemnieć, stracić blask, plamić
Noun
Start
Lead, advantage, head start
English 8.0
An advantage given or gained at the beginning of something, such as a race or competition.
He had a five-second start in the race.
przewaga, forsprang, start, przewaga na starcie
Noun
Shroud
Cover, veil, cloak
English 8.0
A thing that envelops or obscures something.
The mountain was hidden in a shroud of clouds.
zakryć, osłonić, zasłona, całun
Adjective
Livid
Furious, enraged, incensed
English 8.0
Extremely angry; furious.
She was livid when she found out about the betrayal.
wściekły, siny, zły, rozgniewany
Verb
Shrivel
Wither, shrink, dry up
English 8.0
To shrink and wrinkle, especially from heat, cold, or dryness.
The leaves shrivel up in the hot sun.
usychać, kurczyć się, marszczyć, zasychać
Adjective
Lustrous
Shiny, glossy, gleaming
English 8.0
Having luster; shining.
Her lustrous hair caught everyone’s attention.
błyszczący, lśniący, połyskliwy, świecący
Noun
Vice
Fault, flaw, wrongdoing
English 8.0
Immoral or wicked behavior.
Corruption is a common vice in politics.
wada, występek, zły nawyk, nałóg
Phrase
Conceive of
Imagine, envision, think of
English 8.0
To form or devise a plan or idea in the mind.
*He couldn’t conceive of a time when he would have enough money to retir
wyobrazić sobie, pomyśleć, zrozumieć, pojąć
Phrase
Conceive that
Believe, think, understand
English 8.0
To hold or form a particular idea or concept.
She conceived that it was possible to finish the project on time.
przypuszczać, sądzić, uważać, postrzegać
Adjective
Abstruse
Complex, obscure, esoteric
English 8.0
Difficult to understand; obscure.
Quantum physics is an abstruse subject for many.
zawiły, niezrozumiały, skomplikowany, tajemniczy
Noun
Confinement
Imprisonment, detention, captivity
English 8.0
The state of being confined or kept in a place.
The prisoner was released after years of confinement.
więzienie, ograniczenie, zamknięcie, uwięzienie
Adjective
Unremitting
Relentless, continuous, persistent
English 8.0
Never relaxing or slackening; incessant.
Her unremitting efforts finally paid off.
nieustający, ciągły, nieprzerwany, nieugięty
Adverb
Thenceforth
From that time on, thereafter, henceforward
English 8.0
From that time forward.
Thenceforth, he vowed to dedicate his life to helping others.
od tego czasu, stąd już zawsze, odtąd, następnie
Preposition
Notwithstanding
Despite, in spite of, nevertheless
English 8.0
In spite of.
Notwithstanding his lack of experience, he did a great job.
mimo, pomimo, niezależnie od
Noun
Cleft
Split, crack, fissure
English 8.0
A split or divide in something.
The cleft in the rock provided a safe place to hide.
szczelina, rozpadlina, rozszczep, wcięcie
Verb
Exemplified
Illustrated, demonstrated, represented
English 8.0
To show or illustrate by example.
His courage exemplified the spirit of the team.
zilustrować, stanowić przykład, objaśniać, demonstrować
Adjective
Remarkable
Extraordinary, outstanding, notable
English 8.0
Worthy of attention; striking.
Her memory for details was remarkable.
niezwykły, godny uwagi, wybitny, znakomity
Verb
Exhibit
Display, show, present
English 8.0
To show something publicly.
The museum will exhibit its new collection next week.
wystawić, pokazać, prezentować, eksponować
Phrase
Venture the opinion
Risk saying, suggest cautiously, dare to say
English 8.0
To dare to express an opinion that might be controversial or unpopular.
I venture the opinion that the project will exceed its budget.
odważyć się wyrazić opinię, zaryzykować stwierdzenie
Adjective
Lucrative
Profitable, gainful, rewarding
English 8.0
Producing a great deal of profit.
She turned her hobby into a lucrative business.
dochodowy, zyskowny, lukratywny, rentowny
Verb
Battle
Fight, combat, contend
English 8.0
To fight or struggle tenaciously to achieve or resist something.
They battled the storm to reach the shore.
walczyć, bitwa, zmagać się, stawiać opór
Drenched.jpgVerb
Undergo
Experience, endure, submit to
English 8.0
To experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant or arduous).
He had to undergo surgery for his injuries.
przejść, poddać się, doświadczyć, znosić
Adjective
Drenched
Soaked, saturated, wet through
English 8.0
Wet thoroughly; soaked.
I was drenched from the sudden downpour.
przemoczony, przesiąknięty, zmoknięty, zalan
Verb
Flush
Blush, redden, glow
English 8.0
To become red in the face, especially from emotion, heat, or exertion.
Her face would flush whenever she was embarrassed.
zaczerwienić się, płonąć, rumienić się, zarumienić
Verb
Peer
Look keenly, gaze, scrutinize
English 8.0
To look keenly or with difficulty at something.
She had to peer through the fog to see the road.
przyglądać się, zaglądać, wpatrywać się, zerkać
Verb
Peep
Sneak a look, glance, spy
English 8.0
To look quickly or furtively at something, especially through a narrow opening.
The child peeped through the crack in the door.
zerknąć, podglądać, zajrzeć, zaglądać
Verb
Peek
Glance, peep, look quickly
English 8.0
To look quickly, typically in a furtive manner.
She took a quick peek at her reflection in the mirror.
rzucić okiem, zerknąć, podejrzeć, spojrzeć
Verb
Glare
Stare fiercely, scowl, gaze intently
English 8.0
To stare in an angry or fierce way.
He could only glare in response to the accusations.
patrzeć gniewnie, wpatrywać się ze złością, blask, świecić
Verb
Drain
Deplete, exhaust, wear out
English 8.0
To cause (someone) to lose energy or vitality; to exhaust.
The long journey completely drained him.
wyczerpać, osuszyć, odwodnić, zmęczyć
Adjective
Negligent
Careless, neglectful, lax
English 8.0
Failing to take proper care in doing something.
The company was sued for negligent safety practices.
niedbały, zaniedbujący, lekceważący, niestaranny
Phrase
Break a fall
Softening impact, cushion, mitigate
English 8.0
To lessen or moderate the impact of a fall.
She extended her arms to break a fall when she tripped.
złagodzić upadek, amortyzować, zmniejszyć siłę upadku
Phrase
Compassionate leave
Sympathy break, bereavement time, empathy absence
English 8.0
Time off from work granted for personal crises or family emergencies.
He was granted compassionate leave after the loss of his father.
urlop okolicznościowy, urlop dla poratowania zdrowia psychicznego, zwolnienie z powodów rodzinnych
Adjective
Adamant
Unyielding, inflexible, resolute
English 8.0
Refusing to be persuaded or to change one’s mind.
She was adamant that they follow the rules precisely.
nieugięty, stanowczy, nieprzejednany, uparty
Noun
Enactment
implementation, execution
English 8.0
Acting out
In couples therapy we want to teach new ways of enactment
zachowanie, odgrywanie
Adjective
Ludicrous
Ridiculous, absurd, laughable
English 8.0
So foolish, unreasonable, or out of place as to be amusing.
The idea of flying cars seemed ludicrous to many.
śmieszny, absurdalny, niedorzeczny, groteskowy
Verb
Tweak
Adjust, fine-tune, modify
English 8.0
To adjust slightly in order to improve it.
He tweaked the engine for better performance.
dopracować, dostroić, skorygować, zmodyfikować
Adjective
Visceral
Instinctive, deep-seated, emotional
English 8.0
Relating to deep inward feelings rather than to the intellect.
The movie struck a visceral chord with the audience.
instynktowny, głęboki, trzewny, emocjonalny
Adjective
Tearful
Weepy, crying, tear-filled
English 8.0
Filled with tears; crying or inclined to cry.
Her apology was tearful and sincere.
zapłakany, łzawy, pełen łez, płaczliwy
Verb
Endorse
Support, approve, sanction
English 8.0
To declare one’s public approval or support of.
The celebrity endorsed the new health initiative.
poprzeć, zatwierdzić, wsparcie, promować
Removed or distant either physically or emotionally; not friendly or forthcoming.
The cat’s aloof demeanor made it seem like it owned the place.
zdystansowany, nieprzystępny, oziębły, odosobniony
Adjective
Aloof
Detached, distant, cold
English 8.0
Existing or being everywhere at the same time; constantly encountered; widespread.
*Smartphones are so ubiquitous now that it’s hard to imagine life withou
wszechobecny, powszechny, omniprezentny, wszechogarniający
Adjective
Ubiquitous
Common, everyday, widespread
English 8.0
Having a great deal of money; wealthy.
*The affluent neighborhood boasted mansions, private pools, and luxury c
zamożny, bogaty, dostatni, opływający w dostatki
Adjective
Affluent
Wealthy, prosperous, rich
English 8.0
Agreement in opinion; cooperation or the fact of two or more events happening at the same time.
The project proceeded with the full concurrence of all team members.
zgoda, zbieżność, jednomyślność, współwystępowanie
Noun
Concurrence
Agreement, accord, consensus
English 8.0
Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance; practicing self-discipline and abstention.
*The monastery was known for its austere lifestyle, which included vows
surowy, ascetyczny, prosty, bez ozdób
Adjective
Austere
Stern, strict, harsh
English 8.0
Marked by, held in, or conducted with secrecy, especially for an evil, illicit, or unauthorized purpose.
Their clandestine meetings were thrilling yet dangerous.
tajny, potajemny, ukryty, sekretny
Adjective
Clandestine
Secret, covert, undercover
English 8.0
An established preference for something, often reflecting one’s temperament or experience.
She has a predilection for classical music over pop.
upodobanie, zamiłowanie, skłonność, preferencja
Noun
Predilection
Preference, penchant, affinity
English 8.0
To persuade someone to do something by sustained coaxing or flattery.
He managed to cajole his friend into lending him the car.
namawiać, przekonywać, pochlebiać, namówić
Verb
Cajole
Persuade, coax, wheedle
English 8.0
Difficult to understand; obscure.
*The professor’s lecture on quantum mechanics was abstruse for beginners
zawiły, niezrozumiały, skomplikowany, trudny
Adjective
Abstruse
Complex, obscure, esoteric
English 8.0
A person who claims to have a supernatural ability to perceive events in the future or beyond normal sensory contact.
The clairvoyant predicted a great change in my life.
jasnowidz, wróżbita, medium, wizjoner
Noun
Clairvoyant
Psychic, seer, soothsayer
English 8.0
Leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice.
*The judge’s clemency saved the remorseful thief from a harsher sentence
łaska, litość, miłosierdzie, pobłażliwość
Noun
Clemency
Mercy, leniency, forgiveness
English 8.0
Not openly acknowledged or displayed.
The spy conducted covert operations behind enemy lines.
tajny, ukryty, potajemny, sekretny
Adjective
Covert
Secret, hidden, undercover
English 8.0
Characterized by shyness and modesty; reserved.
Despite her demure appearance, she was a fierce competitor.
powściągliwy, skromny, nieśmiały, dyskretny
Adjective
Demure
Reserved, modest, shy
English 8.0
Deserted of people and in a state of bleak and dismal emptiness.
The desolate landscape was hauntingly beautiful under the moonlight.
opuszczony, pusty, żałosny, niegościnny
Adjective
Desolate
Bleak, barren, deserted
English 8.0
To regard or represent as being of little worth.
He never missed an opportunity to disparage his competitors.
umniejszać, dyskredytować, bagatelizować, lekceważyć
Verb
Disparage
Belittle, denigrate, deprecate
English 8.0
To make known (private or sensitive information).
The agent refused to divulge the secrets of the undercover operation.
ujawnić, wyjawić, rozgłosić, zdradzić
Verb
Divulge
Reveal, disclose, uncover
English 8.0
To steal or misappropriate (money placed in one’s trust or belonging to the organization for which one works).
The accountant was caught trying to embezzle funds from the company.
defraudować, zdefraudować, sprzeniewierzyć, przywłaszczyć
Verb
Embezzle
Misappropriate, steal, pilfer
English 8.0
A person or thing that is a perfect example of a particular quality or type.
She is the epitome of kindness, always helping those in need.
ujęcie, kwintesencja, wzór, epitom
Noun
Epitome
Embodiment, quintessence, paragon
English 8.0
Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) from one situation to another by assuming that existing trends will continue or similar methods will be applicable.
*The scientist could extrapolate the results of the experiment to other
ekstrapolować, wnioskować, przewidywać, rozszerzać
Verb
Extrapolate
Infer, project, predict
English 8.0
Lacking flavor; weak or tasteless.
The soup was insipid and lacked seasoning.
mdły, bezbarwny, nijaki, bez smaku
Adjective
Insipid
Bland, dull, flavorless
English 8.0
Very brave, fearless, unshaken by danger.
The intrepid explorer ventured into uncharted territories.
nieustraszony, odważny, śmiały, dzielny
Adjective
Intrepid
Fearless, brave, courageous
English 8.0
Showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others.
His callous comments about the homeless shocked the audience.
bezuczuciowy, zatwardziały, nieczuły, obojętny
Adjective
Callous
Insensitive, unfeeling, heartless
English 8.0
To be of the same opinion; agree.
The scientists concur with the findings of the study.
zgadzać się, przyznawać rację, współdziałać, pokrywać się
Verb
Concur
Agree, accord, coincide
English 8.0
(Of food containing fat or oil) smelling or tasting unpleasant as a result of being old and stale.
The rancid butter made the cake inedible.
zjełczały, przeterminowany, zepsuty, nieświeży
Adjective
Rancid
Spoiled, bad, off
English 8.0
Increased in intensity or excitement.
The crowd was revved up for the concert.
nakręcony, podekscytowany, zmotywowany, wzmocniony
Phrase
Revved up
Excited, energized, animated
English 8.0
To direct one’s attention focally or to move in on a target.
The detective honed in on the key evidence.
skupić się, zmierzać, doprecyzować, nawigować
Phrase
Hone in
Focus, zero in, aim
English 8.0
Extreme amusement, especially when expressed by laughter.
His anecdote caused great hilarity among the guests.
wesołość, śmiech, rozbawienie, zabawa
Noun
Hilarity
Mirth, amusement, laughter
English 8.0
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
The serene landscape of the lake at dawn was breathtaking.
spokojny, pogodny, bezchmurny, łagodny
Adjective
Serene
Peaceful, calm, tranquil
English 8.0
To agree to a demand, request, or treaty.
The company acceded to the demands for a pay raise.
przystać, zgodzić się, akceptować, przyłączyć
Verb
Accede
Agree, consent, assent
English 8.0
Tendency to delay or procrastinate; slowness as a result of not being timely or prompt.
His dilatoriness in responding to emails frustrated his colleagues.
zwłoka, ociąganie się, opieszałość, lenistwo
Noun
Dilatoriness
Procrastination, delay, tardiness
English 8.0
To give a false impression of; to contradict.
Her calm face belied the turmoil she felt inside.
zakłamywać, przeczyć, ukrywać, fałszować
Verb
Belie
Contradict, misrepresent, disguise
English 8.0
Lacking confidence in one’s own ability, worth, or fitness; timid; shy.
The diffident student hesitated to raise her hand.
nieśmiały, skromny, niepewny siebie, wstydliwy
Adjective
Diffident
Shy, reserved, unassertive
English 8.0
The state of being sober; seriousness.
After the joke, his face returned to an expression of sobriety.
trzeźwość, powaga, rozsądek, surowość
Noun
Sobriety
Seriousness, gravity, solemnity
English 8.0
Relating to an owner or ownership.
The software’s proprietary code prevents it from being copied.
własnościowy, zastrzeżony, prywatny, firmowy
Adjective
Proprietary
Exclusive, private, owned
English 8.0
A stick that people can lean on to help them walk.
He used a walking cane to maintain his balance.
laska, kostur, trzcina, kij
Noun
Walking cane
Stick, staff, rod
English 8.0
Not famous or distinguished; shameful or disgraceful.
The spy led an inglorious life in hiding.
niechlubny, haniebny, niesławny, ignacyjny
Adjective
Inglorious
Dishonorable, shameful, ignoble
English 8.0
Easily taught, led, or managed; obedient.
The docile puppy followed its owner everywhere.
posłuszny, uległy, łagodny, potulny
Adjective
Docile
Obedient, compliant, submissive
English 8.0
A small natural indentation in the flesh, especially on the cheek or chin.
Her smile revealed a charming dimple.
dołeczek, wgłębienie, zmarszczka, zagłębienie
Noun
Dimple
Indentation, cleft, depression
English 8.0
A person’s look or manner, especially one of a particular kind indicating their character or mood.
His noble mien impressed everyone at the court.
wygląd, postawa, mina, sposób bycia
Noun literary
Mien
Bearing, demeanor, presence
English 8.0
To be constantly or visibly worried or anxious.
She always frets about her exams.
martwić się, denerwować, szarpać nerwy, niepokoić
Verb
Fret
Worry, be annoyed, chafe
English 8.0
Express a complaint or grumble about something, especially something trivial.
He would often gripe about his work.
narzekać, skarżyć się, biadolić, zrzędzić
Verb
Gripe
Complain, moan, grumble
English 8.0
Without the basic necessities of life.
The disaster left thousands destitute.
biedny, pozbawiony środków do życia, ubogi, nędzny
Adjective
Destitute
Impoverished, poor, needy
English 8.0
Something that threatens to cause evil, harm, injury, etc.; a threat.
The dark clouds were a menace to our picnic plans.
zagrożenie, groźba, niebezpieczeństwo, przestrogą
Noun
Menace
Threat, danger, peril
English 8.0
Unfair bias in favor of one thing or person compared with another; favoritism.
His partiality for his own students was obvious.
stronniczość, uprzedzenie, faworyzowanie, tendencja
Noun
Partiality
Favoritism, bias, prejudice
English 8.0
Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
The laws of physics are immutable and constant.
niezmienny, stały, niezmienialny, niezmienniczy
Adjective
Immutable
Unchangeable, permanent, fixed
English 8.0
Not easily upset or excited; calm and peaceful.
The lake was placid, with not a ripple in sight.
spokojny, łagodny, nieporuszony, błogi
Adjective
Placid
Calm, peaceful, serene
English 8.0
A chain or manacle used to restrain a prisoner, typically placed around the ankles.
He threw off his fetters and escaped.
kajdany, pęta, okowy, więzy
Noun
Fetter
Shackle, chain, restraint
English 8.0
Extremely unpleasant; repulsive.
The dictator’s odious regime was hated by many.
odrażający, wstrętny, nieznośny, obrzydliwy
Adjective
Odious
Detestable, repulsive, offensive
English 8.0
Strong, healthy, and full of energy.
She remained vigorous and active into old age.
energiczny, silny, żywotny, krzepki
Adjective
Vigorous
Energetic, strong, active
English 8.0
Transfer or delegate (power) to a lower level, especially from central government to local or regional administration.
Responsibilities were devolved to the local councils.
przekazać, delegować, zdecentralizować, oddać
Verb
Devolve
Delegate, transfer, pass on
English 8.0
Unusually or disproportionately large; excessive.
The project required an inordinate amount of time.
nadmierny, nieproporcjonalny, przesadny, nadzwyczajny
Adjective
Inordinate
Excessive, undue, unreasonable
English 8.0
To restrain or hinder (an action or process).
His fear of failure inhibited his ambition.
hamować, ograniczać, tłumić, zahamować
Verb
Inhibit
Restrict, hinder, constrain
English 8.0
Move without interruption from one piece of music, part of a story, subject, etc., to another.
*The conversation seamlessly segued from work topics to personal stories
przejść płynnie, kontynuować bez przerwy, przejście, przeskoczyć
Verb
Segue
Transition, proceed, continue
English 8.0
A preference or special liking for something; a bias in favor of something.
She has a predilection for classical music.
upodobanie, skłonność, preferencja, zamiłowanie
Noun
Predilection
Preference, liking, inclination
English 8.0
To lower something undesirable
They curbed their spending after reviewing their budget.
ograniczyć, powstrzymać, hamować, kontrolować
Verb
Curb
Restrict, control, restrain
English 8.0
To view something with skepticism or not to interpret something literally.
Take his advice with a grain of salt; he’s not an expert.
podchodzić do czegoś z rezerwą, traktować coś z przymrużeniem oka
Phrase
Take something with a grain of salt
Skeptical, doubtful, cautiously
English 8.0
Lose or cause to lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture.
Silverware tends to tarnish over time.
zmatowieć, zaciemnieć, stracić blask, plamić
Verb
Tarnish
Discolor, stain, dull
English 8.0
An advantage given or gained at the beginning of something, such as a race or competition.
He had a five-second start in the race.
przewaga, forsprang, start, przewaga na starcie
Noun
Start
Lead, advantage, head start
English 8.0
A thing that envelops or obscures something.
The mountain was hidden in a shroud of clouds.
zakryć, osłonić, zasłona, całun
Noun
Shroud
Cover, veil, cloak
English 8.0
Extremely angry; furious.
She was livid when she found out about the betrayal.
wściekły, siny, zły, rozgniewany
Adjective
Livid
Furious, enraged, incensed
English 8.0
To shrink and wrinkle, especially from heat, cold, or dryness.
The leaves shrivel up in the hot sun.
usychać, kurczyć się, marszczyć, zasychać
Verb
Shrivel
Wither, shrink, dry up
English 8.0
Having luster; shining.
Her lustrous hair caught everyone’s attention.
błyszczący, lśniący, połyskliwy, świecący
Adjective
Lustrous
Shiny, glossy, gleaming
English 8.0
Immoral or wicked behavior.
Corruption is a common vice in politics.
wada, występek, zły nawyk, nałóg
Noun
Vice
Fault, flaw, wrongdoing
English 8.0
To form or devise a plan or idea in the mind.
*He couldn’t conceive of a time when he would have enough money to retir
wyobrazić sobie, pomyśleć, zrozumieć, pojąć
Phrase
Conceive of
Imagine, envision, think of
English 8.0
To hold or form a particular idea or concept.
She conceived that it was possible to finish the project on time.
przypuszczać, sądzić, uważać, postrzegać
Phrase
Conceive that
Believe, think, understand
English 8.0
Difficult to understand; obscure.
Quantum physics is an abstruse subject for many.
zawiły, niezrozumiały, skomplikowany, tajemniczy
Adjective
Abstruse
Complex, obscure, esoteric
English 8.0
The state of being confined or kept in a place.
The prisoner was released after years of confinement.
więzienie, ograniczenie, zamknięcie, uwięzienie
Noun
Confinement
Imprisonment, detention, captivity
English 8.0
Never relaxing or slackening; incessant.
Her unremitting efforts finally paid off.
nieustający, ciągły, nieprzerwany, nieugięty
Adjective
Unremitting
Relentless, continuous, persistent
English 8.0
From that time forward.
Thenceforth, he vowed to dedicate his life to helping others.
od tego czasu, stąd już zawsze, odtąd, następnie
Adverb
Thenceforth
From that time on, thereafter, henceforward
English 8.0
In spite of.
Notwithstanding his lack of experience, he did a great job.
mimo, pomimo, niezależnie od
Preposition
Notwithstanding
Despite, in spite of, nevertheless
English 8.0
A split or divide in something.
The cleft in the rock provided a safe place to hide.
szczelina, rozpadlina, rozszczep, wcięcie
Noun
Cleft
Split, crack, fissure
English 8.0
To show or illustrate by example.
His courage exemplified the spirit of the team.
zilustrować, stanowić przykład, objaśniać, demonstrować
Verb
Exemplified
Illustrated, demonstrated, represented
English 8.0
Worthy of attention; striking.
Her memory for details was remarkable.
niezwykły, godny uwagi, wybitny, znakomity
Adjective
Remarkable
Extraordinary, outstanding, notable
English 8.0
To show something publicly.
The museum will exhibit its new collection next week.
wystawić, pokazać, prezentować, eksponować
Verb
Exhibit
Display, show, present
English 8.0
To dare to express an opinion that might be controversial or unpopular.
I venture the opinion that the project will exceed its budget.
odważyć się wyrazić opinię, zaryzykować stwierdzenie
Phrase
Venture the opinion
Risk saying, suggest cautiously, dare to say
English 8.0
Producing a great deal of profit.
She turned her hobby into a lucrative business.
dochodowy, zyskowny, lukratywny, rentowny
Adjective
Lucrative
Profitable, gainful, rewarding
English 8.0
To fight or struggle tenaciously to achieve or resist something.
They battled the storm to reach the shore.
walczyć, bitwa, zmagać się, stawiać opór
Verb
Battle
Fight, combat, contend
English 8.0
To experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant or arduous).
He had to undergo surgery for his injuries.
przejść, poddać się, doświadczyć, znosić
Drenched.jpgVerb
Undergo
Experience, endure, submit to
English 8.0
Wet thoroughly; soaked.
I was drenched from the sudden downpour.
przemoczony, przesiąknięty, zmoknięty, zalan
Adjective
Drenched
Soaked, saturated, wet through
English 8.0
To become red in the face, especially from emotion, heat, or exertion.
Her face would flush whenever she was embarrassed.
zaczerwienić się, płonąć, rumienić się, zarumienić
Verb
Flush
Blush, redden, glow
English 8.0
To look keenly or with difficulty at something.
She had to peer through the fog to see the road.
przyglądać się, zaglądać, wpatrywać się, zerkać
Verb
Peer
Look keenly, gaze, scrutinize
English 8.0
To look quickly or furtively at something, especially through a narrow opening.
The child peeped through the crack in the door.
zerknąć, podglądać, zajrzeć, zaglądać
Verb
Peep
Sneak a look, glance, spy
English 8.0
To look quickly, typically in a furtive manner.
She took a quick peek at her reflection in the mirror.
rzucić okiem, zerknąć, podejrzeć, spojrzeć
Verb
Peek
Glance, peep, look quickly
English 8.0
To stare in an angry or fierce way.
He could only glare in response to the accusations.
patrzeć gniewnie, wpatrywać się ze złością, blask, świecić
Verb
Glare
Stare fiercely, scowl, gaze intently
English 8.0
To cause (someone) to lose energy or vitality; to exhaust.
The long journey completely drained him.
wyczerpać, osuszyć, odwodnić, zmęczyć
Verb
Drain
Deplete, exhaust, wear out
English 8.0
Failing to take proper care in doing something.
The company was sued for negligent safety practices.
niedbały, zaniedbujący, lekceważący, niestaranny
Adjective
Negligent
Careless, neglectful, lax
English 8.0
To lessen or moderate the impact of a fall.
She extended her arms to break a fall when she tripped.
złagodzić upadek, amortyzować, zmniejszyć siłę upadku
Phrase
Break a fall
Softening impact, cushion, mitigate
English 8.0
Time off from work granted for personal crises or family emergencies.
He was granted compassionate leave after the loss of his father.
urlop okolicznościowy, urlop dla poratowania zdrowia psychicznego, zwolnienie z powodów rodzinnych
Phrase
Compassionate leave
Sympathy break, bereavement time, empathy absence
English 8.0
Refusing to be persuaded or to change one’s mind.
She was adamant that they follow the rules precisely.
nieugięty, stanowczy, nieprzejednany, uparty
Adjective
Adamant
Unyielding, inflexible, resolute
English 8.0
Acting out
In couples therapy we want to teach new ways of enactment
zachowanie, odgrywanie
Noun
Enactment
implementation, execution
English 8.0
So foolish, unreasonable, or out of place as to be amusing.
The idea of flying cars seemed ludicrous to many.
śmieszny, absurdalny, niedorzeczny, groteskowy
Adjective
Ludicrous
Ridiculous, absurd, laughable
English 8.0
To adjust slightly in order to improve it.
He tweaked the engine for better performance.
dopracować, dostroić, skorygować, zmodyfikować
Verb
Tweak
Adjust, fine-tune, modify
English 8.0
Relating to deep inward feelings rather than to the intellect.
The movie struck a visceral chord with the audience.
instynktowny, głęboki, trzewny, emocjonalny
Adjective
Visceral
Instinctive, deep-seated, emotional
English 8.0
Filled with tears; crying or inclined to cry.
Her apology was tearful and sincere.
zapłakany, łzawy, pełen łez, płaczliwy
Adjective
Tearful
Weepy, crying, tear-filled
English 8.0
To declare one’s public approval or support of.
The celebrity endorsed the new health initiative.
poprzeć, zatwierdzić, wsparcie, promować
Verb
Endorse
Support, approve, sanction
English 8.0
